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Brough
Brough-under-Stainmore
Market Brough
civil parish:-   Brough (formerly Westmorland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   locality
locality type:-   buildings
locality type:-   market town
locality type:-   selected place
coordinates:-   NY79501461 (etc) 
1Km square:-   NY7914
10Km square:-   NY71
latitude; longitude:-   2d 19.0m W; 54d 31.6m N

photograph
BLX23.jpg (taken 21.4.2006)  
photograph
BLX24.jpg (taken 21.4.2006)  
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Wmd 16 15) 
placename:-  Market Brough
placename:-  Brough under Stainmore
placename:-  Church Brough
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
OS County Series (Wmd 16 16) 
evidence:-   old map:- Gough 1350s-60s
placename:-  Burgh c.
source data:-   Map, colour photozincograph copy, reduced size facsimile, Gough Map of Britain, scale about 28.5 miles to 1 inch, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, 1875.
image  click to enlarge
Ggh1Cm.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 33
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Gough 1350s-60s
placename:-  Burgh c.
source data:-   Map, lithograph facsimile, Gough Map of Britain, 20 miles to 1 inch? published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, 1935.
image  click to enlarge
Ggh2Cm.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 34
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   probably old map:- Ptolemy 1540
placename:-  Burg
source data:-   Map, copy, uncoloured lithograph? Anglia II Nova Tabula, New Map of England, scale about 50 miles to 1 inch, data in the Geographia by Claudius Ptolemy, engraved by Sebastian Munster, Basle, Switzerland, 1540.
image  click to enlarge
PTY4Cm.jpg
"Burg"
circle, buildings; town 
item:-  private collection : 131
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Lloyd 1573
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Map, hand coloured copper plate engraving, Angliae Regni, Kingdom of England, with Wales, scale about 24 miles to 1 inch, authored by Humphrey Lloyd, Denbigh, Clwyd, drawn and engraved by Abraham Ortelius, Netherlands, 1573.
image  click to enlarge
Lld1Cm.jpg
"Burgh"
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA1998.69
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Keer 1605 (edn 1620) 
placename:-  Verterae
placename:-  Burgh under Stanemore
source data:-   Map, Westmorlandia et Comberlandia, ie Westmorland and Cumberland now Cumbria, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, probably by Pieter van den Keere, or Peter Keer, about 1605, published about 1605 to 1676.
image KER9Wmd2, button  goto source
second page  "(8) Places of memorable note for Antiquitie are Verterae, mentioned by Antonine the Emperour; ... In [which] ... the Northern English conspired against William the Conquerour in the beginning of the Norman government: ..."
image KER9Wmd3, button  goto source
third page  "... Verterae is long since decayed, and the name of it changed into Burgh: for it is commonly called Burgh under Stanemore. In which, it is said, a Romane Captaine made his abode with a band of Directores, in the declining age of the Romane Empire. These two places [Brough and Appleby] William of Newborough called Princely Holds, and writeth that William King of Scots a little before he himselfe was taken prisoner at Alnewicke, surprized them on a sodaine, but King John recovered them after, and liberally bestowed them upon Robert Vipont, for his many worthy services."
evidence:-   hearth tax returns:- Hearth Tax 1670
placename:-  Greatt Brough
source data:-   Records, hearth tax returns, exchequer duplicates, Westmorland, 1670.
"Greatt Brough"
evidence:-   old map:- Sanson 1679
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Ancien Royaume de Northumberland aujourdhuy Provinces de Nort, ie the Ancient Kingdom of Northumberland or the Northern Provinces, scale about 9.5 miles to 1 inch, by Nicholas Sanson, Paris, France, 1679.
image  click to enlarge
SAN2Cm.jpg
"Burgh"
circle, building and tower, flag; town? 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.15
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (EW) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, England, including Wales, scale about 27 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, published by Abel Swale Awnsham and John Churchil, London, about 1695.
image  click to enlarge
MRD3Cm.jpg
"Brough"
circle; village or town 
item:-  JandMN : 339
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Wmd) 
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695.
image
MD10NY71.jpg
Circle, not labelled. 
item:-  JandMN : 24
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Badeslade 1742
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Maps, Westmorland North from London, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland North from London, scale about 11 miles to 1 inch, with descriptive text, by Thomas Badeslade, London, engraved and published by William Henry Toms, Union Court, Holborn, London, 1742; published 1742-49.
"Brough Market Wednesday."
evidence:-   old map:- Badeslade 1742
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, A Map of Westmorland North from London, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, with descriptive text, by Thomas Badeslade, London, engraved and published by William Henry Toms, Union Court, Holborn, London, 1742.
image  click to enlarge
BD12.jpg
"Brough"
circle, tower/s, upright lowercase text; town 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.62
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Simpson 1746
placename:-  Brough under Stanemore
placename:-  Burgh under Stanemore
placename:-  Lower Brough
placename:-  Market Brough
placename:-  Verterae
item:-  market
source data:-   Atlas, three volumes of maps and descriptive text published as 'The Agreeable Historian, or the Compleat English Traveller ...', by Samuel Simpson, 1746.
image SMP3P4, button  goto source
Page 1022:-  "... William King of Scots took this Town [Appleby], and the Burgh under Stanemore by Suprize, a little before himself was taken at Alnwick; but they were afterward recovered by King John, ..."
image SMP3P6, button  goto source
Page 1024:-  "..."
"Brough, or Burgh, under Stanemore, i.e.a Borough under a stony Mountain. It stands on a Rivulet about two Miles from the River Eden, and is divided into [two]"
image SMP3P7, button  goto source
Page 1025:-  "two Towns, viz. the Upper alias Church Brough, ... The other Part is called Lower Brough from its Situation, and Market Brough from its Market, which is pretty considerable, and is kept on Thursday."
image SMP3P7, button  goto source
Page 1025:-  "..."
"Verterae must be Brough under Stanemore for several Reasons, viz. the Name which imports Antiquity, its Situation upon a Roman Highway, and the exact Agreement of the Distances from Levatrae and Brovonacum."
evidence:-   old map:- Simpson 1746 map (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, printed by R Walker, Fleet Lane, London, 1746.
image
SMP2NYQ.jpg
"Brough"
Building, labelled as a town. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.59
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Bickham 1753-54 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, perspective view, A Map of Westmorland, North from London, by George Bickham, James Street, Bunhill Fields, London, 1753.
image  click to enlarge
BCK3.jpg
"Brough"
view (sort of) 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.71
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY71.jpg
"Brough Ma. Th. / V"
blocks, on road, vicarage, town, market 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Jefferys 1770 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brough
placename:-  Verterae
source data:-   Map, 4 sheets, The County of Westmoreland, scale 1 inch to 1 mile, surveyed 1768, and engraved and published by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1770.
image
J5NY71SE.jpg
"Brough"
blocks on a street plan, labelled in block caps; settlement, market town? and  "Verterae"
antiquity 
item:-  National Library of Scotland : EME.s.47
Image © National Library of Scotland
evidence:-   old map:- Jefferys 1770
placename:-  Brough
placename:-  Verterae
source data:-   Map, 4 sheets, The County of Westmoreland, scale 1 inch to 1 mile, surveyed 1768, and engraved and published by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1770.
image
JEF5Brgh.jpg
"BROUGH / Verterae"
blocks on a street plan, Church Brough with large house and castle 
item:-  National Library of Scotland : EME.s.47
Image © National Library of Scotland
evidence:-   old text:- Pennant 1773
placename:-  Verterae
item:-  placename, Brough
source data:-   Book, A Tour from Downing to Alston Moor, 1773, by Thomas Pennant, published by Edward Harding, 98 Pall Mall, London, 1801.
image PEN6p135, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 135  "..."
"I then left Kirkby-Stephen, and continued my journey three or four miles northward to Brough or Church Brough, a village noted for its ancient castle, probably built on the site of the Roman station Verterae, where was placed a band of ... Church Brough, a village noted for its ancient castle, probably built on the site of the Roman station Verterae, ..."
image PEN6p136, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 136  "... The castle which they occupied gave the name which it retains at present, a little corrupted, the Roman appellation to their castlelets being Burgus; and numbers of places abroad, as well as in Britain, retain the name, either simply or in addition, for the same reason, such as Wurtzburg, Ausburg, and others; ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Pennant 1777
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A Map of Scotland, Hebrides and Part of England, drawn for Thomas Pennant, engraved by J Bayly, published by Benjamin White, London, 1777.
image  click to enlarge
PEN1Cm.jpg
"VERTERAE / Brough"
circle; buildings, village, etc 
item:-  private collection : 66
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- West 1778 (11th edn 1821) 
placename:-  Burgh
placename:-  Galacum
source data:-   Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
image WS21P243, button  goto source
Tour to the Caves in the West Riding of Yorkshire, late 18th century 
Page 243:-  "..."
"... Bremetonacae [Overborough] is placed ... twenty-seven Roman (or twenty-four English) miles south of Galacum, which some antiquaries conceive to be Apulby, though others with more probability think it was Brough: the distances correspond, besides the additional argument of their being nearly in the same direction, whether we conceive Galacum to be Apulby or Brough. The Roman road is easily traced from Ribchester ... to Overborough; afterwards the Roman road goes through Casterton and Middleton, and, as some think, by Borrow-bridge and Orton, to Apulby. Others, and perhaps from better reasons, are of opinion, the road went by Sedbergh, or Sedburgh, over Blewcaster, along Ravenstonedale-street, and through Kirkby-Stephen, to Brough or Burgh."
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Lowther 1780s-90s
placename:-  Brough under Stainmore
placename:-  Burgh under Stanmore
placename:-  Burgh
placename:-  Lower Brough
placename:-  Market Brough
source data:-   Scrapbook, 4 volumes, of descriptive texts, maps, and prints of views and coats of arms, for Westmorland and Cumberland, assembled by a member of the Lowther Family, late 18th early 19th century.
Text with a print, engraving, Brough Castle, drawn by Samuel Hooper, engraved by Sparrow, 1775:-  "BROUGH CASTLE, WESTMORELAND."
"..."
"'THIS castle of Brough under Stainmore, ..."
"THE present proprietor of these ruins is the Earl of Thanet. Of late years they have been much demolished for the sake of the materials, which have been used in building stables, garden walls, and other conveniences; ..."
"CAMDEN describing this country says, '... The town itself is dwindled into a village, which is defended with a small fort, and its name is now Burgh; for it is called Burgh under Stanmore, i. e. a Brough under a Stony Mountain. It is divided into two. The Upper, otherwise Church-Brough, ... The other village is called Lower Brough, from its situation; and Market Brough from a market held there every Thursday. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789
placename:-  Verterae
placename:-  Burgh
placename:-  Burgh under Stanemore
item:-  Antonine Itineraries; Notitia Dignitatum
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P148, button  goto source
Page 148:-  "[VER]TERAE, an antient town mentioned by Antoninus and the Notitia, which last adds that in the decline of the Roman empire here was a Roman praefect stationed with a Numerus Directorum. The town at present reduced to a mean village, fortified with a small rampart, has changed its name to Burgh, by our people called Burgh under Stanemore. Under the later emperors, to remark once for all, small castles proper for war and well supplied, began to be called Burghs by a new name, which, after the removal of the empire into the east, the Germans and other nations seemed to have borrowed from the Greek πυρος, whence the Burgundiones has their name from inhabiting Burg, the common term at that time for dwellings thick scattered on borders. I find no further mention of this place except that in the beginning of the Norman government the English here formed a conspiracy against William the Norman. I would venture to affirm this Burgh to be VERTERAE for this single reason, that the distance between it and Lavatrae one way, and Brovonacum the other, reduced to Italian miles, exactly corresponds with numbers in Antoninus, and the Roman military way with a visible ridge runs this way to BROVONACUM through ABALLABA, mentioned in the Notitia, which still retains its name with so little variation as to discover itself most clearly, and remove every doubt. For we call it by shortness from Aballaba Apelby. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Lower Brough
placename:-  Market Brough
item:-  market
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P157, button  goto source
Page 157:-  "..."
"The town is divided into two, upper or church Brough (or Western), ... The other part is called Lower or Market Brough, from the inconsiderable market held there every Thursday. The chapel here is now a freeschool."
evidence:-   old map:- Cary 1789 (edn 1805) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Cary, London, 1789; edition 1805.
image
CY24NY71.jpg
"BROUGH"
blocks, no church symbol, labelled in upright lowercase; village 
item:-  JandMN : 129
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Aikin 1790 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 8.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Aikin, London, 1790.
image  click to enlarge
AIK2.jpg
"Brough"
circle; town 
item:-  JandMN : 51
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Bailey 1797
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, soil etc, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland, scale about 12 miles to 1 inch, by J Bailey, engraved by Neele, Strand, published by Messrs Robinson, Paternoster Row and G Nicol, Pall Mall, London, 1797.
image  click to enlarge
BY05.jpg
"Brough"
group of blocks; town 
item:-  Armitt Library : A680.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   road book:- Cary 1798 (2nd edn 1802) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Road book, itineraries, Cary's New Itinerary, by John Cary, 181 Strand, London, 2nd edn 1802.
image CY38p281, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38281.jpg
page 281-282  "Brough - New Inn, Westmor. / At Brough on r. a T.R. to Kirkby Stephen."
market town, post office 
image CY38p285, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38285.jpg
page 285-286  "INNS. ... Brough, New Inn, Swan. ..."
image CY38p315, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38315.jpg
page 315-316  "Brough / INNS. Brough, New Inn, Swan."
market town, post office 
item:-  JandMN : 228.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Cooke 1802
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 12 miles to 1 inch, by George Cooke, 1802, published by Sherwood, Jones and Co, Paternoster Road, London, 1824.
image  click to enlarge
GRA1Wd.jpg
"Brough / 259"
blocks, upright lowercase text; town, distance from London 
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA2000.62.4
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Luffman 1803
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 37 miles to 1 inch, by John Luffman, 28 Little Bell Alley, Coleman Street, London, 1803-06.
image  click to enlarge
LUF4.jpg
"Brough"
circle; town 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.46
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Laurie and Whittle 1806
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Road map, Continuation of the Roads to Glasgow and Edinburgh, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, by Nathaniel Coltman? 1806, published by Robert H Laurie, 53 Fleet Street, London, 1834.
image  click to enlarge
Lw21.jpg
"Brough 261½"
market town; distance from London; travellers supplied with post horses or carriages 
item:-  private collection : 18.21
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Capper 1808
placename:-  Brough
placename:-  Brough-under-Stainmore
placename:-  Town on a Stony Mountain
item:-  population; market; fair; spa well
source data:-   Gazetteer, A Topographical Dictionary of the United Kingdom, compiled by Benjamin Pitts Capper, published by Richard Phillips, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, 1808; published 1808-29.
image CAP111, button  goto source
"..."
"BROUGH, a parish and market town in East ward, Westmoreland, 7 miles from Appleby, and 262 from London. It is also called Brough-under-Stainmore, or Town on a Stony Mountain. It stands upon a rivulet, 2 miles from the river Eden; and contains 117 houses and 694 inhabitants. It has a neat church, a little distance from the town, in the hamlet of Church Brough; ... Near the church, on a hill, are the ruins of an ancient castle, ... On the left of the castle, the prospect is closed by a range of craggy mountains, over the tops of which shrubs and trees are promiscuously scattered; to the right is an extensive fertile plain; and behind, the lofty promontory of Wildbore Fell lifts its brow, and terminates the prospect. It has a bridge, near which there is a spa-well. Market on Thursday. Fairs, second Thursday in April, Thursday before Whit-Sunday, and Brough-hill fair, held in a field 2 miles from the town, 30 September, where immense numbers of cattle, horses, and all kinds of goods are sold. It is a vicarage, value 8l. 18s. 9d. - Housman's Tour, and Burn's Westmoreland."
"..."
evidence:-   old map:- Cooper 1808
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 9 miles to 1 inch, by H Cooper, 1808, published by R Phillips, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, 1808.
image  click to enlarge
COP4.jpg
"Brough"
circle with two side bars; town 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.53
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Wallis 1810 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Road map, Westmoreland, scale about 19 miles to 1 inch, by James Wallis, 77 Berwick Street, Soho, 1810, published by W Lewis, Finch Lane, London, 1835?
image  click to enlarge
WAL5.jpg
"Brough / 259"
town; distance from London 
item:-  JandMN : 63
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Wallis 1810
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, Westmoreland, scale about 19 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, by James Wallis, 77 Berwick Street, Soho, London, 1810; published 1810-36.
"PRINCIPAL INNS, RECOMMENDED TO TRAVELLERS AND FAMILIES."
"Brough: Swan, Black Bull, Fleece, New Inn."
"..."
"PRINCIPAL FAIRS."
"Brough: Thursday before Whitsunday, horned cattle and sheep."
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
placename:-  Brough under Stainmore
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G814B627, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1814 part 2 p.627  "..."
"BROUGH, (or Brough under Stanimore (sic), to distinguish it from other places of a similar name,) one stage on the London side of Appleby, is a town of no great importance, except that its Castle was one of the number belonging to the great Duchess of Pembroke; ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Hall 1820 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 14.5 miles to 1 inch, by Sidney Hall, London, 1820, published by Samuel Leigh, 18 Strand, London, 1820-31.
image  click to enlarge
HA18.jpg
"Brough / 261"
circle, upright lowercase text; town; distance from London 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.58
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Perrot 1823
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland and Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 38 miles to 1 inch, by Aristide Michel Perrot, engraved by Migneret, 1823, published by Etienne Ledoux, 9 Rue Guenegaud, Paris, France, 1824-48.
image  click to enlarge
PER2.jpg
"Brough"
circle; town 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.45
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Greenwood 1824 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Map of the County of Westmorland, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by C and J Greenwood, published by George Pringle jnr, 70 Queen Street, Cheapside, London, 1824.
image
grw5brgh.jpg
"BROUGH"
street map; labelled in block caps for a market town; notice the castle. 
item:-  Armitt Library : A1827
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Cobbett 1832
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 7 miles to 1 inch, by William Cobbett, 11 Bolt Court, Fleet Street, London, 1832.
image  click to enlarge
COB4.jpg
"Brough"
dot and circle; town 
item:-  JandMN : 116
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Ford 1839 map
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Map of the Lake District of Cumberland, Westmoreland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, and by R Groombridge, 5 Paternoster Row, London, 3rd edn 1843.
image
FD02NY71.jpg
"BROUGH"
item:-  JandMN : 100.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old itinerary:- Tinsley 1877 (Roads/Cum) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Itinerary, route 3, London to Edinburgh and Glasgow via Boroughbridge and Carlisle, including from Bowes, Durham; through Brough, Appleby, Westmorland; then Penrith, Carlisle, Longtown, Cumberland; and into Scotland, published by Tinsley Bros, 8 Catherine Street, Strand, London, 1877.
image  click to enlarge
TLY137.jpg
pp.36-49 in British High Roads, North and North Eastern Routes; pp.37-39. 
printed at p.36:-  "... / ROUTE III. - LONDON to EDINBURGH and GLASGOW via / BOROUGHBRIDGE and CARLISLE (See Maps 31 to 42.) / Boroughbridge 206 (as per Route I.), Leeming 221½, Catterick 228, Greta Bridge 242½, Bowes 248½, Brough 261½, Appleby 269¾, / Penrith 283½, Carlisle 301½, Longtown 310¼, Langholm 321¾, / Hawick 349½, Selkirk 356, Middleton 379½, Edinburgh 392½. / ..."
item:-  private collection : 270.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old strip map:- Tinsley 1877 (Roads/Cum) 
placename:-  Brough
source data:-   Strip map, road map, part of London to Edinburgh via Boroughbridge and Carlisle, including from Rey Cross to beyond Brough, Westmorland, published by Tinsley Bros, 8 Catherine Street, Strand, London, 1877.
image  click to enlarge
TLY1M1.jpg
Map pp.33-34 in British High Roads, North and North Eastern Routes. 
printed at top:-  "BRITISH HIGH ROADS. / 33 LONDON TO EDINBURGH, VIA BOROUGHBRIDGE &CARLISLE. 34"
item:-  private collection : 270.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   market notes:- 
placename:-  Brough under Staynmore
placename:-  Burgh
item:-  market
source data:-   www.history.ac.uk/cmh/gaz/gazweb2.htmPalmer's Index No.93:: Public Record OfficeOwen: 1792: New Book of FairsBowen, Emanuel &Kitchin, Thomas: 1760: New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland
 Post Office maps

photograph
BLX26.jpg  Plaque on a house in High Street, east of the bridge, north side, with a mason's tools
(taken 21.4.2006)  
places:-  
NY79611455 Bank House (Brough) L
NY79421429 boundary stone, Brough (2) (Brough) L
NY79391413 Bridge House (Brough) L
NY79411417 bridge, Brough (Brough)
NY793142 bridge, Brough (2) (Brough)
NY79671470 bridge, Brough (3) (Brough) L
NY79551459 bridge, Brough (4) (Brough)
NY79401425 Brough Community Primary School (Brough)
NY79481450 Brough Mill (Brough)
NY796146 High Street (Brough)
NY792147 Main Street (Brough)
NY79541459 Wilkinson Bros (Brough)
NY78671494 Bullistone Bridge (Brough)
NY79521459 Burneside House (Brough) L
NY79531461 Castle Hotel (Brough) L
NY79581457 Brough Methodist Church (Brough)
NY79371406 Church Brough (Brough)
NY79501460 clock tower, Brough (Brough) L
NY79481458 drain, Brough (Brough)
NY79411417 fish pass, Brough (Brough)
NY79461414 Ford Bridge (Brough)
NY79511460 Golden Fleece (Brough)
NY79591455 Grove Cottages (Brough) L
NY79581455 Grove House (Brough) L
NY79391467 Hall (Brough)
NY79661454 Harglade (Brough) L
NY79521456 Hazel Bank Cottage (Brough) L
NY79691474 Helbeck Mill (Brough)
NY79711456 Highfields (Brough) L
NY7914 hospital, Brough (Brough)
NY79451463 house, Brough (Brough) L
NY79521454 house, Brough (3) (Brough) L
NY79521462 house, Brough (4) (Brough) L
NY79521455 house, Brough (5) (Brough) L
NY79571451 house, Brough (6) (Brough) L out of sight
NY79731458 house, Brough (7) (Brough) L
NY79741458 house, Brough (8) (Brough) L
NY79451464 house, Brough (9) (Brough)
NY79521457 Grapes Inn (Brough)
NY79681456 house, Brough (11) (Brough)
NY80271488 Lane Head (Brough)
NY79671455 High Cross (Brough) L
NY79401405 maypole, Brough (Brough) L
NY79911466 milestone, Brough (2) (Brough) L
NY79461449 New Bridge (Brough)
NY80251487 New Inn (Brough)
NY79471460 Oddfellows Hall (Brough) L
NY79281477 police station, Brough (Brough)
NY79711455 railings, Brough (Brough)
NY79651462 railings, Brough (2) (Brough)
NY79141405 Verterae (Brough)
NY79451455 Brough School (Brough)
NY7914 school, Brough (2) (Brough) suggested
NY791141 spa, Church Brough (Brough)
NY795146 St Mary's Well (Brough) gone
NY7914 Swan (Brough)
NY79451463 Swanson House, Brough (Brough) L
NY79441453 Brough Memorial Hall (Brough)
NY79461461 Village Stores (Brough) L
NY79301492 war memorial, Brough (Brough)
NY79321403 Weind Cottage (Brough) L
NY79311403 Weind House (Brough)
NY79491452 weir, Brough (Brough)
NY79571459 Dial House (Brough)
NY79171409 Brough Castle (Brough)
NY79601455 Glaslyn House (Brough) L
NY79311392 St Michael's Church (Brough) L
NY79401430 Brough Pinfold (Brough)
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