Old Cumbria Gazetteer - St Michael, Brough

St Michael, Brough

St Michael's Church

Brough Church

locality:-

Church Brough

locality:-

Brough

civil parish:-

Brough (formerly Westmorland)

county:-

Cumbria

locality type:-

church

coordinates:-

NY79311392

1Km square:-

NY7913

10Km square:-

NY71

references:-

: 2005: Diocese of Carlisle, Directory 2004/5

BLX04.jpg (taken 21.4.2006)
photograph

BLX84.jpg (taken 21.4.2006)

evidence:-

old map:- OS County Series (Wmd 16 15)
placename:- St Michael's Church

source data:-

Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
"St Michael's Church (Vicarage) / Grave Yard"

evidence:-

old map:- Jefferys 1770 (Wmd)

source data:-

Map, 4 sheets, The County of Westmoreland, scale 1 inch to 1 mile, surveyed 1768, and engraved and published by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1770.

J5NY71SE.jpg
church
item:- National Library of Scotland : EME.s.47
Image © National Library of Scotland

evidence:-

old text:- Pennant 1773
item:- Queen's College, Oxford; absentee cleric

source data:-

Book, A Tour from Downing to Alston Moor, 1773, by Thomas Pennant, published by Edward Harding, 98 Pall Mall, London, 1801.

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Pennant's Tour 1773, page 137 "The church [Church Brough] stands below the castle. It is in the gift of Queen's College, Oxford. The famous Robert de Eglesfield, Confessor to Philippa the royal consort of Edward III. and founder of that College, procured the grant of it from the King: he himself had been Rector of the living. He was prosecuted by the Bishop for his non-residence; but pleading the necessity of attending the care of the royal conscience, easily obtained dispensation: ever since which time, it is said, the King's chaplains plead the same excuse; which is admitted by our courteous Bishops, who well know the weight of the charge."

evidence:-

old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions)

source data:-

Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.

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Page 157:- "..."
"... upper or church Brough (or Western), where stands the church, which had very rich painted windows, and of which Robert Eglesfield founder of Queen's college, Oxford, was rector, and procured the appropriation thereof from king Edward III. to the said college. ..."

evidence:-

old text:- Capper 1808
placename:-
item:- pulpit

source data:-

Gazetteer, A Topographical Dictionary of the United Kingdom, compiled by Benjamin Pitts Capper, published by Richard Phillips, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, 1808; published 1808-29.

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"..."
"It has a neat church, a little distance from the town, in the hamlet of Church Brough; the pulpit of which is cut out of one entire stone. ..."

evidence:-

old text:- Gents Mag
item:- stained glass

source data:-

Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.

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Gentleman's Magazine 1825 part 1 p.515 "Compendium of County History. - Westmorland."
"The windows of BROUGH Church were formerly full of extraordinary painted glass."

evidence:-

old map:- Nurse 1918

source data:-

Map, The Diocese of Carlisle, Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Rev Euston J Nurse, published by Charles Thurnam and Sons, 11 English Street, Carlisle, Cumberland, 2nd edn 1939.

NUR1NY81.jpg
"BROUGH WITH NORTH STAINMORE"
item:- JandMN : 27
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-

site plan:- Historical Monuments 1936

source data:-

Site plan, uncoloured lithograph, Brough The Parish Church of St Michael, Church Brough, Brough, Westmorland, scale about 1 to 290, published by Royal Commission on Historical Monuments England, London, 1936.

click to enlarge
HMW037.jpg
On p.49 of the Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Westmorland.
printed, top "BROUGH The PARISH CHURCH of ST. MICHAEL"
RCHME no. Wmd, Brough 2
item:- Armitt Library : A745.37
Image © see bottom of page

stained glass

evidence:-

database:- Listed Buildings 2010
placename:- Church of St Michael

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"CHURCH OF ST MICHAEL / / CHURCH BROUGH / BROUGH / EDEN / CUMBRIA / II[star] / 73285 / NY7931513921"

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"Parish church, dating from C12; west tower by Blenkinsop of Helbeck, 1513-1525. Sandstone blocks with chamfered plinth to chancel; cavetto moulding to eaves carries low parapet. Stepped buttressing. Low-pitch lead roofs. 3-stage west tower; nave with added north aisle, and chancel. Memorial slab next to pulpit (dated 1624) on south side of nave bears the following carved inscription (sic): HERE LYE GABRIELL VINCENT STEWARD TO THE R H ANNE CLIFFORD COUNTESS DOWAGER OF PEMBROOKE DORSETT AND MONTGOMERY. AND CHIEF DIRECTOR OF ALL HER BVILDINGS IN THE NORTH WHO DYED IN THE ROMAN TOWER OF BROVGH CASTLE LIKE A GOOD CHRISTIAN THE 12 OF FFEBRUARY 1665 1666. LOOKING FOR THE SECOND COMMINGE OF OVR SAVIOVR IESVS CHRIST. Inside church at west end is Celtic Cross 1914-18 war memorial. For plan and further details of architecture and fittings see R.C.H.M. pp49 and 50."

evidence:-

database:- Listed Buildings 2010

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"WALTON TOMB &RAILED ENCLOSURE TO SOUTH OF ST MICHAEL'S CHURCH CHANCEL / / / BROUGH / EDEN / CUMBRIA / II / 73287 / NY7935013921"

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"Tomb, with inscriptions on hipped top to members of Walton family dated 1807 and 1862. Constructed on sandstone with elaborately carved panel to each side between pilasters decorated with classical urns in low relief: Christ with angel on north side; body on bed surrounded by mourners with death in attendance on south side. Square railed enclosure has diagonally-set pointed standards with urb finials to corner posts."

evidence:-

database:- Listed Buildings 2010

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"CROSS BASE TO SOUTH OF ST MICHAEL'S CHURCH / / / BROUGH / EDEN / CUMBRIA / II / 73286 / NY7933013908"

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"Cross base with stump of shaft in situ; uncertain date but probably medieval. Square in plan. Large block with chamfered top edges stands on low step constructed of 3 rectangular stones; stump of shaft to centre of block octagonal with stop-chamfers. Small brass sundial plate added to top lacks gnomon."

ring of bells

cross slab gravestones

incumbents:-

Bowet, Thomas
Chambri, Peter de	1248 - after
Clifford, William de	1255 - after
Langton, John de	1291 - before
Burgh, Hugh de	1305 -
Northwick, William de	1332 - up to
Eglesfield, Robert de	1332 - 1349
Rainold, John	1369 - before
Merton, John de, Sir	1369 -
Raisbeck, Sir	1506 - before
Rigge, Thomas	1527 - about
Thomson, Robert	1535 - before
Shaw, Lancelot	1568 - 1594
Salkeld, Roger	1594 - 1611
Heckstteter, David	1611 - 1623
Richardson, William	1623 - 1664
Harrison, Christopher	1695 - about
Fisher, Joseph	1695 - 1704
Thompson, Francis	1704 - 1735
Hodgson, Thomas	1735 - 1768
Barnett, Thomas	1768 - 1792
Bellas, Lancelot	1792 - 1816
Dodgson, L	1817 - 1828
Jefferson, L	1828 - 1870
Lyde, William	1870 - 1913

evidence:-

old print:- Pennant 1773 (edn 1801)
placename:- Brough Church

source data:-

Print, engraving, Brough Church, St Michael's Church, Brough, Westmorland, drawn by Moses Griffith, engraved by Comte, published by Edward Harding, 98 Pall Mall, London, 1801.

click to enlarge
PEN619.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.137 of A Tour from Downing to Alston Moor, 1773, by Thomas Pennant.
Brough Castle in the background.
printed at bottom left, right, centre:- "Moses Griffith. Del / Comte Sc / BROUGH CHURCH / Pub June 7 1801 by Edw Harding 98 Pall Mall."
item:- Armitt Library : A1057.19
Image © see bottom of page

sundial

notes:-

Described in:-

Butler, Lawrence (ed): 2011: Church Notes of Sir Stephen Glynne for Cumbria, 1833-1872: CWAAS:: ISBN 978 1 873124 52 9

Extracted from the original notes made by Sir Stephen, now in Deiniol's Library, Hawarden, Flintshire, contact through Flintshire Record Office

BLX06.jpg Norman door arch, part of what remains of the early church destroyed in a raid by William the Lion, 1174.
(taken 21.4.2006)
photograph

BVC73.jpg Detail of norman door.
(taken 29.7.2011)
photograph

BRH55.jpg Detail of norman door.
(taken 21.8.2009)
photograph

BRH59.jpg Nave roof.
(taken 21.8.2009)
photograph

BRH58.jpg Organ.
(taken 21.8.2009)
photograph

BLX07.jpg Organ pipes.
(taken 21.4.2006)
photograph

CEU33.jpg Organ.
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU34.jpg Organ.
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU35.jpg Organ.
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU30.jpg Pulpit.
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU31.jpg Pulpit.
"1624" (taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

BVC70.jpg Banner.
(taken 29.7.2011)
photograph

BVC69.jpg Mothers Union banner.
(taken 29.7.2011)

Click to enlarge
CEU32.jpg Gravestone:-
"GABRIE[LL VIN ] / CENT STEWARD / TO THE R H / ANNE CLIFFORD / COUNTESS DOW / AGER OF PEM / BROOKE DORSETT / AND MONTGOMERY / AND CHIEF / DIRECTOR OF ALL / HER BUILDING[S] / IN THE NORTH / WHO DYED IN / THE ROMAN / TOWER OF / BROUGH CASTLE / LIKE A GOOD / CHRISTIAN THE / 12 OF FFEBRUARY / 1665 1666 / LOOKING FOR / THE SECOND / COMINGE OF / OUR SAVIOUR / JESUS CHRIST" (taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU47.jpg The lowest inscribed stone was dug up during restoration work, 1880, and commemorates a roman commander of the nearby fort.
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU48.jpg Boot scraper?
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

BRH53.jpg (taken 21.8.2009)

The Brough stone was dug up in the church in 1879; and is now at the FitzWilliam Museum, Cambridge. The inscription is five hexameter lines in Greek, translated:-

"Hermes of Commagene here,
Young Hermes in his sixteenth year
Entombed by fate before his day
Beholding let the traveller say
"Fair youth, my greetings to thy shrine,
Though but a mortal course be thine
Since all too soon thou wing'st thy flight
From realms of speach to realms of night
Yet no misnomer art thou shown
Who with thy namesake God art flown.""

Commagene is in Syria. Hermes may have been one of the Greeks who came here with the Romans.

CEU27.jpg Mason's marks.
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU28.jpg Mason's marks.
(taken 1.4.2016)
photograph

CEU29.jpg Mason's marks.
(taken 1.4.2016)

By the north door.

notes:-

The walling around the westernmost window of the south wall might date from the late 11th century, all that is left after a cross border raid on Brough by William the Lion, King of Scots, 1174. The present south wall dates from the late 12th century; there are remains from the 14th century; most of the church dates from a reconstruction in the 16th century, built under the direction of Thomas Blenkinsop of Helbeck, 1513; repairs and alterations continued in the 19th-21st centuries.

: : church leaflet

dedication

person:-

: St Michael

place:-

Brough / Carlisle Diocese

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