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Kirkby Thore
civil parish:-   Kirkby Thore (formerly Westmorland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   locality
locality type:-   buildings
coordinates:-   NY63892568 (etc) 
1Km square:-   NY6325
10Km square:-   NY62
latitude; longitude:-   2d 33.5m W; 54d 37.5m N

evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Wmd 9 1) 
placename:-  Kirkby Thore
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.

evidence:-   old map:- Saxton 1579
placename:-  Kirkby Thuet
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576, published 1579-1645.
image
Sax9NY62.jpg
Church, symbol for a parish or village, with a parish church.  "Kirkby thuet"
item:-  private collection : 2
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Keer 1605
placename:-  Kirkby Thuot
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, probably by Pieter van den Keere, or Peter Keer, about 1605 edition perhaps 1676.
image  click to enlarge
KER8.jpg
"Kirkby [thuot]"
dot, circle and tower; village 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.110
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Kirkby Thore
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, The Countie Westmorland and Kendale the Cheif Towne, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP14NY62.jpg
"Kirkby Thore"
circle, building and tower; noice the line indicating the label 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.5
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Jenner 1643
placename:-  Kirkbythuet
source data:-   Table of distances, with map, hand coloured engraving, Westmerland ie Westmorland, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, engraved by Jacob van Langeren, published by Thomas Jenner, Cornhill, London, 1643.
image
JEN3Sq.jpg
"Kirkbythuet"
dot, circle, tower 
item:-  private collection : 52.Wmd
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Jansson 1646
placename:-  Kirkby Thuet
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumbria and Westmoria, ie Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646.
image
JAN3NY62.jpg
"Kirkby thuet"
Buildings and tower. 
item:-  JandMN : 88
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Seller 1694 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Kerkby Thuet
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, by John Seller, 1694.
image  click to enlarge
SEL7.jpg
"Kerkby thuet"
circle, italic lowercase text; settlement or house 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.87
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Kirby Thure
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695.
image
MD10NY62.jpg
"Kirby Thure &Whelp Cast / Galla[tum]"
Circle, building and tower; the roman name is engraved over a poorly erased label for Whelp Castle. 
item:-  JandMN : 24
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
placename:-  Kirkby Thor
item:-  roman altarroman inscriptionplacename, Kirkby Thore
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G7380417, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1738 p.417 
image  click to enlarge
G738E01.jpg
"Fragment of an Altar to Serapis, in a Wall at Kirkby Thor, in Westmorland."
"The above Figure is a Fragment of a Roman Altar to Jupiter Serapis, lately taken out of the Back of an Oven at Kirkby Thor in Westmoreland, and now plac'd in a Stone Wall in the Town Street; by the Asterisks placed at the Top, the Deity having such a Mark in the AEgyptian Ceremonies, the Dedicator seems to have been an AEgyptian, train'd up at Rome; 'tis a small portable Altar, and, I believe, the only one dedicated to that Idol in Britain."
"The following is in the Wall of a House at the same Place, but the Inscription is common tho' imperfect."
image  click to enlarge
G738E02.jpg
"Fragment of a Roman Altar to the Great Jupiter, found in the same Place, in the Wall of House."
"The Village, yet, retains the Name of the Saxon Idol Thor, from whence Thursday is call'd, is remarkable for a very considerable Vestige of a Roman Camp, and several other Inscriptions and Ruins, which I had not Leisure to examine, but may be the Subject of some future Attempt."
"Yours, CARLEOLENSIS."

evidence:-   old map:- Badeslade 1742
placename:-  Kirby Thume
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, A Map of Westmorland North from London, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, with descriptive text, by Thomas Badeslade, London, engraved and published by William Henry Toms, Union Court, Holborn, London, 1742.
image  click to enlarge
BD12.jpg
"Kirby Thume &Whelp Cast."
circle with a flag, italic lowercase text; village or hamlet 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.62
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Simpson 1746 map (Wmd) 
placename:-  Kirby Thurce
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, printed by R Walker, Fleet Lane, London, 1746.
image
SMP2NYR.jpg
"Kirby Thurce and Whelp C."
Building. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.59
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
item:-  roman inscriptioninscription, roman
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G7530270, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1753 p.270  "... ..."
"P.S. There are two Roman inscriptions at a country village, call'd Kirkby Thore in Westmorland, which never yet have been published; the one, in a stone wall near the house of the Rev. Mr Atkinson, rector of the church, beginning with ANTONIA &c. The other in a stone wall belonging to Dr Green against the Town street, beginning with the words JOVI SERAPI, &c. but I had not time to copy them, tho' legible enough. There are likewise other Roman letters and sculptures, upon several of the door lintels, in the same town, which Mr Horseley has omitted."
"Headston Howe, Dec. 16 1752."
"... ..."

evidence:-   old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
placename:-  Kirkby Thore
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY52.jpg
"Kirkby Thore / R"
circle, building and tower, rectory 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Jefferys 1770 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Kirkbythore
source data:-   Map, 4 sheets, The County of Westmoreland, scale 1 inch to 1 mile, surveyed 1768, and engraved and published by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1770.
image
J5NY62NW.jpg
"Kirkbythore"
blocks, labelled in upright lowercase text; settlement; town? 
item:-  National Library of Scotland : EME.s.47
Image © National Library of Scotland

evidence:-   old text:- Pennant 1773
placename:-  Kirkby Thore
item:-  coin
source data:-   Book, A Tour from Downing to Alston Moor, 1773, by Thomas Pennant, published by Edward Harding, 98 Pall Mall, London, 1801.
image PEN6p149, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 149  "At a small distance to the right is the village of Kirkby-Thore. The addition is attributed to the supposition of a temple, dedicated to the Saxon THOR, having stood on the spot. This Deity was represented as a regal figure with crown and sceptre, and a Glory of twelve stars around his head. He was the Chief of the heavenly power, the Jupiter Tanarus of our German ancestors, the Prince of the Air, the Director of Thunder, Lightning and Tempests; the Dispenser of Fair Weather, and consequent Plenty:- to"
image PEN6p150, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 150  "whom Thursday was dedicated under the name of Thor's-day, and more expressively of his qualities under that of Thunres-deag, and in the Netherlands in more modern times Dunders-dagh."
"A very curious coin, or perhaps amulet, was discovered in the beginning of this century, which fully shews the form in which this Deity was figured. It has, on one side, his head with the Glory around, and a sceptre in his hand: on the reverse are Runic characters, Thur gut Laetis, i.e. The Face of the God Thor: it was of silver, and the size of a silver groat. Such pieces it was customary for the northern nations to strike, with their Gods represented on them in form of a human face; and these they kept by them as tutelar deities, and preservatives from all ills."

evidence:-   descriptive text:- West 1778 (11th edn 1821) 
source data:-   Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
image WS21P200, button  goto source
Addendum; Mr Gray's Journal, 1769 
Page 200:-  "... Passed Kirkby-thore, ... crossed the Eden and the Eamont with its green vale, ... [to] Penrith ..."

evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Kirkby Thor
item:-  coinrunes
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P158, button  goto source
Page 158:-  "..."
"The manor house, as well as most of the town of Kirkby Thor, have been built out of the remains of Whelp castle, of which there are now scarce any remains. ..."
image CAM2P159, button  goto source
Page 159:-  "..."
"Kirkby Thor has been supposed to retain the name of the God Thor, whose figure was thought to be found on a singular coin late in Mr. Thoresby's Museum. The characters on the reverse are Runic and were read by Dr. Hickes, Thor gut luntis, and explained by bishop Nicolson the face of the God Thor, but by Dr. Hickes Thor the national God, to whom also the moon and stars concurred to accompany them. But it was much more probably illustrated by the learned Keder, member of the college of antiquities at Stockholm, who published a critical essay on it at Leipsic, 1703, 4to. See also his "Runae in nummis vetustis," shewing the head to be the figure of our Saviour, and the inscription, the place, and mint-master's names Thorgut Luntis, i.e. Thorgut London, whether of London in England or Lunden in Sweden uncertain. The cross at the head of the inscription and in the centre of the reverse are evidently Christian, and Keder produces other similar coins to this, which so much puzzled all preceding antiquaries, who, when they had once set up the idea of the god Thor, tortured every thing to their system as much as Leibnitz to his, that it was struck by or for Thurgot, a Danish admiral, who Dithmar says blocked up London 1016."

evidence:-   old map:- Cary 1789 (edn 1805) 
placename:-  Kirkbythore
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Cary, London, 1789; edition 1805.
image
CY24NY62.jpg
"Kirkbythore"
block/s, labelled in italic lowercase; house, or hamlet 
item:-  JandMN : 129
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Cooke 1802
placename:-  Kirbythore
source data:-   Map, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 12 miles to 1 inch, by George Cooke, 1802, published by Sherwood, Jones and Co, Paternoster Road, London, 1824.
image  click to enlarge
GRA1Wd.jpg
"Kirbythore"
blocks, italic lowercase text, village, hamlet, locality 
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA2000.62.4
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Laurie and Whittle 1806
placename:-  Kirkbythore
source data:-   Road map, Continuation of the Roads to Glasgow and Edinburgh, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, by Nathaniel Coltman? 1806, published by Robert H Laurie, 53 Fleet Street, London, 1834.
image  click to enlarge
Lw21.jpg
"Kirkbythore 274ΒΌ"
village or other place; distance from London 
item:-  private collection : 18.21
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Cooper 1808
placename:-  Kirbythore
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 9 miles to 1 inch, by H Cooper, 1808, published by R Phillips, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, 1808.
image  click to enlarge
COP4.jpg
"Kirbythore"
circle; village or hamlet 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.53
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Wallis 1810 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Kirkbythore
source data:-   Road map, Westmoreland, scale about 19 miles to 1 inch, by James Wallis, 77 Berwick Street, Soho, 1810, published by W Lewis, Finch Lane, London, 1835?
image  click to enlarge
WAL5.jpg
"Kirkbythore"
village, hamlet, house, ... 
item:-  JandMN : 63
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Ford 1839 map
placename:-  Kirkby Thore
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Map of the Lake District of Cumberland, Westmoreland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, and by R Groombridge, 5 Paternoster Row, London, 3rd edn 1843.
image
FD02NY62.jpg
"Kirkby Thore"
item:-  JandMN : 100.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Garnett 1850s-60s H
placename:-  Kirkby Thorpe
source data:-   Map of the English Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
image
GAR2NY62.jpg
"Kirkby Thorpe"
blocks, settlement 
item:-  JandMN : 82.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   site plan:- Historical Monuments 1936
source data:-   Site plan, uncoloured lithograph, Kirkby Thore Plan Showing Roman Sites, Kirkby Thore, Westmorland, scale about 1 to 5000, about 12.5 inches to 1 mile, published by Royal Commission on Historical Monuments England, London, 1936.
image  click to enlarge
HMW091.jpg
On p.145 of the Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Westmorland. 
printed, top  "KIRKBY THORE PLAN SHOWING ROMAN SITES"
item:-  Armitt Library : A745.91
Image © see bottom of page

 Post Office maps


photograph
BXF16.jpg  Street name:-
"CROSS STREET" (taken 31.8.2012)  

places:-  
NY63532533 Bridge End Inn (Kirkby Thore)
NY63572526 Bridge End (Crackenthorpe)
NY64562671 British Gypsum works (Kirkby Thore)
NY63852579 Chapel Cottage (Kirkby Thore)
NY63842567 chapel, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore)
NY63962575 chapel, Kirkby Thore (2) (Kirkby Thore) gone
NY63702551 Copping Hill (Kirkby Thore)
NY63812583 Cross End (Kirkby Thore)
NY63882583 Crossfell House Farm (Kirkby Thore)
NY64072573 Dobkinhow Well (Kirkby Thore)
NY63872567 drain, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore)
NY63862577 fire station, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63872574 Foresters Hall (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63732587 house, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore)
NY63542530 Kirkby Thore Bridge (Kirkby Thore / Crackenthorpe)
NY64152562 Kirkby Thore Hall (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63632604 Kirkby Thore Primary School (Kirkby Thore)
NY63382546 milestone, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore) not found
NY63612533 mill, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore) gone?
NY64162579 Mount Pleasant Farm (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63602543 Oak Tree Cottages (Kirkby Thore)
NY63612546 Oak Tree House (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63872575 pinfold, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63522569 Piper Lane (Kirkby Thore)
NY63872574 post box, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore)
NY63842587 Rectory Farm (Kirkby Thore)
NY63782598 Rectory, The (Kirkby Thore)
NY63792552 Roman Arches (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63802560 Bravoniacum (Kirkby Thore)
NY63852562 seat, Kirkby Thore (Kirkby Thore)
NY64542538 Sleastonhow Lane (Kirkby Thore)
NY63512537 Spread Eagle (Kirkby Thore)
NY63802594 St Michael's Church (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63962571 Stone Cottage (Kirkby Thore) L
NY632256 Street House (Kirkby Thore)
NY63882576 Thorneycroft (Kirkby Thore) L
NY63612543 Town End (Kirkby Thore)
NY64182576 Town Head (Kirkby Thore)
NY63872568 Village Stores (Kirkby Thore)
NY63942574 War Memorial Hall (Kirkby Thore)
NY63712558 Whelp Castle (Kirkby Thore) gone
NY64492579 Winthorn (Kirkby Thore)
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