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Derwent Isle, Derwent Water
Derwent Isle
Derwent Island
Hest Holm
Pocklington's Island
site name:-   Derwent Water
civil parish:-   Keswick (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   island
coordinates:-   NY26142239 (etc) 
1Km square:-   NY2622
10Km square:-   NY22

photograph
BPP94.jpg  From Crow Park; Catbells behind.
(taken 24.8.2008)  
photograph
BLT86.jpg  From Lowcrag Wood.
(taken 3.4.2006)  
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Cmd 64 6) 
placename:-  Derwent Isle
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
evidence:-   old map:- Saxton 1579
placename:-  Darwen Insul
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576, published 1579-1645.
image
Sax9NY22.jpg
"Darwen Insul"
With a small building. 
item:-  private collection : 2
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Darwen Iland
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland and the Ancient Citie Carlile Described, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by J Sudbury and George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP11NY22.jpg
"Darwen Iland"
island in Derwent Water 
item:-  private collection : 16
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   poem:- Drayton 1612/1622 text
placename:-  Darwent Island
item:-  mines; copper mines; Company of Mines Royal; gold; silver
source data:-   Poem, Poly Olbion, by Michael Drayton, published by published by John Marriott, John Grismand and Thomas Dewe, and others? London, part 1 1612, part 2 1622.
image DRY6P165, button  goto source
page 165:-  "... Darwent ...
Doth quickly cast her selfe into an ample Lake,
And with Thurls mighty Mere, betweene them two doe make
An Island, which the name from Darwent doth derive,
Within whose secret breast nice nature doth contrive,
That mighty Copper Myne, which not without its Vaines,
Of Gold and Silver found, it happily obtaines
Of Royaltie the name, the richest of them all
That Britan bringeth forth, which Royall she doth call."
evidence:-   old map:- Drayton 1612/1622
placename:-  Darwen Island
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberlande and Westmorlande, by Michael Drayton, probably engraved by William Hole, scale about 4 or 5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Mariott, John Grismand, and Thomas Dewe, London, 1622.
image
DRY514.jpg
"Darwen I."
Island, naiad by the island. 
item:-  JandMN : 168
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Jansson 1646
placename:-  Darwen Iland
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumbria and Westmoria, ie Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646.
image
JAN3NY22.jpg
"The mÿnes Royall / Darwen Iland"
The label is alongside the lake, where the miners from Germany settled on the island. 
item:-  JandMN : 88
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Darwen Iland
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695-1715.
image
MD12NY22.jpg
"The Mines Royal / Darwen Iland"
Island; the miners from Germany settled on the island. 
item:-  JandMN : 90
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   possibly descriptive text:- Simpson 1746
source data:-   Atlas, three volumes of maps and descriptive text published as 'The Agreeable Historian, or the Compleat English Traveller ...', by Samuel Simpson, 1746.
image SMP4P183, button  goto source
"..."
"... in which [Derwent Water] there are three Islands, one of them inhabited by German Miners; ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Gents Mag 1751
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Map of the Black Lead Mines in Cumberland, and area, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, by George Smith, published in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1751.
image
GM1311.jpg
island 
item:-  JandMN : 114
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY21.jpg
"Royal Mines"
in Derwent Water, labelled on shore by the wrong island, Lord's Island; Derwent Isle was the base of the german miners. 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Donald 1774 (Cmd) 
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, 3x2 sheets, The County of Cumberland, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by Thomas Donald, engraved and published by Joseph Hodskinson, 29 Arundel Street, Strand, London, 1774.
image
D4NY22SE.jpg
island in Derwent Water 
item:-  Carlisle Library : Map 2
Image © Carlisle Library
evidence:-   descriptive text:- West 1778 (11th edn 1821) 
placename:-  Vicar's Isle
placename:-  Vicar's Island
source data:-   Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
image WS21P090, button  goto source
Page 90:-  "[Derwent Water] ... Vicar's-isle rises in beautiful and circular form; ..."
"..."
image WS21P111, button  goto source
Page 111:-  "... and a third [island] with a hut upon it, stript of its ornamental trees by the unfeeling hand of avarice [1]. ..."
"[1] This third is Vicar's island, which has since been purchased by a gentleman, who has built a large mansion, and made some other improvements upon it."
image WS21P208, button  goto source
Addendum; Mr Gray's Journal, 1769 
Page 208:-  "..."
"[2] It is somewhat extraordinary that Mr. Gray omitted to mention the islands on Derwent-water, one of which, I think they call it Vicar's island, makes a principal object in the scene. See Smith's view of Derwent-water."
evidence:-   old map:- Crosthwaite 1783-94 (Der) 
placename:-  Pocklington's Island
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, An Accurate Map of the Matchless Lake of Derwent, ie Derwent Water, scale about 3 inches to 1 mile, by Peter Crosthwaite, Keswick, Cumberland, 1783, version published 1800.
image
CT2NY22Q.jpg
"Pocklington's Isld."
In the map title:-  "Pocklington's Island is the property of Lieut. Col Peachy"
item:-  Armitt Library : 1959.191.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Crosthwaite 1783-94
placename:-  Pocklington's Island
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Pocklington's Island, in Derwent Water, by Joseph Pocklington, 1783, published by Peter Crosthwaite, Keswick, Cumberland, 1783, version published 1800.
image  click to enlarge
CT03.jpg
item:-  Armitt Library : 1959.191.6
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   probably old map:- West 1784 map
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A Map of the Lakes in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, engraved by Paas, 53 Holborn, London, about 1784.
image
Ws02NY22.jpg
item:-  Armitt Library : A1221.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old sketch map:- Gilpin 1786
placename:-  Vicars Island
source data:-   Sketch map, Keswick Lake ie Derwent Water, Cumberland, by William Gilpin 1786
image GLP4E012, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
GLP312.jpg
Plate vol 1 opposite p.179 in Observations on Picturesque Beauty published by T Cadell and W Davies, Strand, London, 1808. 
caption from the list of plates:-  "This plan of Keswick-lake means only to express the general shape of it; and the relative situation of it's several parts."
item:-  Armitt Library : A918.12
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Gilpin 1786
placename:-  Vicar's Island
source data:-   Book, Observations, Relative Chiefly to Picturesque Beauty, Made in the Year 1772, on Several Parts of England, Particularly the Mountains, and Lakes of Cumberland Westmoreland, by Rev William Gilpin, 1772-74; published 1786-1808.
image GLP4p180, button  goto source
vol.1 p.180  "The lake of Derwent, or Keswick-lake, as it is generally called, is contained within a circumference of about ten miles; presenting itself in a circular form, tho in fact it is rather oblong. It's area is interspersed with four or five islands; three of which only are of consequence, Lord's island, Vicar's island, and St. Herbert's island: but none of them is comparable to the island on Windermere, in point either of size, or beauty."
image GLP4p184, button  goto source
vol.1 p.184  "..."
"To the formality of it's shores may be added the formality of it's islands. They are round, regular, and similar spots, as they appear from most points of view; formal in their situation, as well as in their shape; and of little advantage to the scene. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Clarke 1787
placename:-  Vicar's Island
placename:-  Pocklington' Island
item:-  fort; druidical temple
source data:-   Guide book, A Survey of the Lakes of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire, written and published by James Clarke, Penrith, Cumberland, and in London etc, 1787; published 1787-93.
image CL13P084, button  goto source
Page 84:-  "... Vicar's Island, now called, (from its proprietor) Pocklington's Island. This is one of the largest, and is beautifully ornamented by its spirited owner. On the western side he has built a fort, on which he has a battery, as before mentioned: on the South side of the fort is a druidical temple, exactly facing Keswick; and close to the shore is the appearance of a chapel, which consists of only one wall and a steeple: the steeple contains a room, not furnished with bells, but good roast-beef and claret; where the worthy Proprietor very facetiously said he might, he thought, always find more priests ready to attend, than at their own churches by the tinkling of bells. ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Clarke 1787 map (Der) 
placename:-  Vicars Island
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Map of Derwentwater and its Environs, scale about 13 ins to 1 mile, by James Clarke, engraved by S J Neele, published by James Clarke, Penrith, Cumberland and in London etc, 1787.
image
CL152622.jpg
"VICARS ISLAND / POCKLINGTON Esqr."
island, buildings 
item:-  private collection : 169
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Vicar Isle
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P182, button  goto source
Page 182:-  "..."
""... Vicar isle full of trees like a wilderness.""
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G8051121, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1805 p.1121  "... On the most considerable of this little archipelago [islands in Derwent Water] stands a tasteless mansion, the residence of a gentleman whose splendid regattas have acquired him an extensive celebrity in the county. ..."
evidence:-   old print:- Green 1810 (plate 31) 
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, Islands on Derwent Water from Castlerigg, Keswick, Cumberland, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1810.
image  click to enlarge
GN1231.jpg
From near right to far - Derwent Isle, Lord's Island, St Herbert's Island? 
Plate 31 in Sixty Studies from Nature, 1810. 
printed at top right:-  "31"
printed at bottom:-  "ISLANDS ON DERWENT WATER FROM CASTLERIGG. / Drawn and Engraved by William Green, and Published at Ambleside, June 24, 1810."
watermark:-  "J WHATMAN / 1813"
item:-  Armitt Library : A6641.31
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Wordsworth 1810
placename:-  Vicar's Island
source data:-   Guide book, A Description of the Scenery of the Lakes, later A Guide through the District of The Lakes, by William Wordsworth, 1810-35.
image WW01p062, button  goto source
page 62  "... At the bidding of an alien improver, the Hind's Cottage, upon Vicar's island, ... with its embowering sycamores and cattle-shed, disappeared from the corner where they stood; and right in the middle, and upon the precise point of the island's highest elevation, rose a tall square habitation, with four sides exposed, like an astronomer's observatory, or a warren-house reared upon an eminence for the detection of depredators, or, like the temple of OEolus, where all the winds pay him obeisance. Round this novel structure, but at a respectful distance, platoons of firs were stationed, as if to protect their commander when weather and time should somewhat have shattered his strength. Within the narrow limits of this island were typified also the state and strength of a kingdom, and its religion as it had been, and was, - for neither was the druidical circle"
image WW01p063, button  goto source
page 63  "uncreated, nor the church of the present essablishment (sic); nor the stately pier, emblem of commerce and navigation; nor the fort to deal out thunder upon the approaching invader. The taste of a succeeding proprietor rectified the mistakes as far as was practicable, and has ridded the spot of its puerilities. The church, after having been docked of its steeple, is applied both ostensibly and really, to the purpose for which the body of the pile was actually erected, namely a boat-house; the fort is demolished; and, without indignation on the part of the spirits of the ancient Druids who officiated at the circle upon the opposite hill, the mimic arrangement of stones, with its sanctum sanctorum, has been swept away."
"The present instance has been singled out, extravagant as it is, because, unquestionably, this beautiful country has, in numerous other places, suffered from the same spirit, though not clothed exactly in the same form, nor active in an equal degree. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Green 1814
placename:-  Vicar's Island
placename:-  Pocklington's Island
source data:-   Set of prints, soft ground etchings, Sixty Small Prints, with text, A Description of a Series of Sixty Small Prints, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1814.
image GN09p17, button  goto source
page 17:-  "... Vicar's Island (late Pocklington's Island), ..."
evidence:-   outline view:- Otley 1823 (8th edn 1849) 
placename:-  Derwent Isle
source data:-   Engraving, outline view of mountains, Derwent Water from Crow Park, drawn by T Binns, engraved by O Jewitt, opposite p.10 of A Descriptive Guide of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, 8th edition, 1849.
image  click to enlarge
O80E06.jpg
item:-  Armitt Library : A1180.7
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834) 
placename:-  Vicar's Isle
placename:-  Pocklington's Island
item:-  garden
source data:-   Guide book, A Concise Description of the English Lakes, the mountains in their vicinity, and the roads by which they may be visited, with remarks on the mineralogy and geology of the district, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland now Cumbria, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirkby Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823; published 1823-49, latterly as the Descriptive Guide to the English Lakes.
image OT01P017, button  goto source
Page 17:-  "The Vicar's Isle, belonging to General Peachy, contains about six acres, beautifully laid out in"
image OT01P018, button  goto source
Page 18:-  "pleasure grounds, interspersed with a variety of trees, and crowned with a house in the centre. For some years it was called Pocklington's Island, while it belonged to a gentleman of that name; and is sometimes by way of pre-eminence called Derwent Isle. ..."
"..."
source data:-   Guide book, A Concise Description of the English Lakes, the mountains in their vicinity, and the roads by which they may be visited, with remarks on the mineralogy and geology of the district, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland now Cumbria, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirkby Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823; published 1823-49, latterly as the Descriptive Guide to the English Lakes.
image OT01P119, button  goto source
Page 119:-  "... Vicar's Isle, on which General Peachy has a house."
image OT01P120, button  goto source
Page 120:-  "... Coming in sight of the lake, Vicar's Isle is most happily placed, the house just appearing among a variety of forest trees with which the island seems wholly covered; but on inspection, it is found to be beautifully laid out in pleasure grounds, and kept in the neatest order. ..."
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843) 
placename:-  Vicar's Island
source data:-   Guide book, A Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by Rev William Ford, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, by W Edwards, 12 Ave Maria Lane, Charles Tilt, Fleet Street, William Smith, 113 Fleet Street, London, by Currie and Bowman, Newcastle, by Bancks and Co, Manchester, by Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, and by Sinclair, Dumfries, 1839.
image FD01P054, button  goto source
Page 54:-  "... The Vicar's Island, in olden times pertaining to Fountain's Abbey, now belonging to General Peachy, is beautifully laid out in pleasure-grounds, and crowned with a neat mansion, nearly hid amidst the variety of trees, having a view to the south only. ..."
evidence:-   old print:- 
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Derwentwater with Derwent Isle, Cumberland, published late 19th century?
image  click to enlarge
PR0274.jpg
Derwent Isle and its house in the midground. 
printed at bottom:-  "DERWENTWATER."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.274
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Black 1856 (23rd edn 1900) 
placename:-  Derwent Isle
source data:-   Print, lithograph, Outline Views, Skiddaw and Derwent Water - Mountains as seen at Lodore Hotel, and Mountains as seen at the Third Gate on Ascending Latrigg on the Way to Skiddaw, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1900.
image  click to enlarge
BC08E4.jpg
"... Derwent Isle ..."
item:-  JandMN : 37.14
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Black 1841 (3rd edn 1846) 
placename:-  Derwent Isle
source data:-   Print, engraving, outline view, Mountains as seen at Lowdore Inn, and Mountains as seen at the Third Gate on Ascending Latrigg on the Way to Skiddaw, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1846.
image  click to enlarge
BC02E4.jpg
"... Derwent Isle ..."
item:-  JandMN : 32.7
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Tattersall 1836 (version 1869) 
placename:-  Vicar's Isle
source data:-   Print, hand coloured, Derwentwater and Bassenthwaite Lakes, from the road to Watendlath, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, 1836, engraved by W F Topham, published by T J Allman, 463 Oxford Street, London, 1869.
image  click to enlarge
TAT212.jpg
Included in The Lakes of England, by W F Topham. 
printed at bottom:-  "DERWENTWATER and BASSENTHWAITE LAKES, / from the road to Watendlath."
printed at bottom:-  "Swinside. / Lord's Seat. / Barff. / St. Herbert's I. / Bassenthwaite L. / Ramps I. / Vicar's I. / Lord's I. / Skiddaw Dodd. / Castle Hill. / Keswick. / Skiddaw. / Latrigg. / Falcon Crag."
item:-  Armitt Library : A1067.12
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Tattersall 1836
placename:-  Vicar's Isle
source data:-   Print, engraving, View from Skiddaw, looking South, Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, drawn by George Tattersall, engraved by W F Topham, published by Sherwood and Co, Paternoster Row, London, about 1836.
image  click to enlarge
TAT137.jpg
The print is captioned with mountain names and acts as an outline view. 
Tipped in opposite p.91 of The Lakes of England, by George Tattersall. 
printed at bottom:-  "VIEW FROM SKIDDAW, / looking South. / [London Pubd. ...]"
printed at p.91:-  "... FOUR VIEWS FROM THE SUMMIT OF SKIDDAW. III. LOOKING SOUTH. / ... / 38. Vicar's Ilse, Derwentwater. / ..."
item:-  Armitt Library : A1204.38
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Tattersall 1836
placename:-  Vicar's Isle
source data:-   Print, engraving, Derwentwater and Bassenthwaite Lakes, from the road to Watenflath, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, engraved by W F Topham, published by Sherwood and Co, Paternoster Row, London, about 1836.
image  click to enlarge
TAT130.jpg
The print is captioned with mountain names and acts as an outline view. 
Tipped in opposite p.77 of The Lakes of England, by George Tattersall. 
printed at bottom:-  "DERWENTWATER and BASSENTHWAITE LAKES, / from the road to Watendlath."
printed at bottom left to right:-  "Swinside. / Lord's Seat. / Barff. / St. Herbert's I. / Bassenthwaite L. / Ramp's I. / Vicar's I. / Lord's I. / Skiddaw Dodd. / Castle Hill. / Keswick. / Skiddaw. / Latrigg. / Falcon Crag."
item:-  Armitt Library : A1204.31
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- 
placename:-  Vicar's Island
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Derwentwater and Bassenthwaite Lakes from the Road to Watendlath, Cumberland, published by Sherwood and Co, London, 1836?
image  click to enlarge
PR0370.jpg
The view is from just above Ashness Bridge. Objects in the view are identified by a caption at the bottom (unfortunately the print is pale, so some objects are unclear, and the caption seems to be a little misaligned) - Swinside, Lord's Seat, Barff, St. Herbert's I., Bassenthwaite L., Ramp's I., Vicar's I., Lord's I., Skiddaw Dodd, Castle Hill, Keswick, Skiddaw, Latrigg, Falcon Crag. 
printed at bottom:-  "DERWENTWATER and BASSENTHWAITE LAKES. / from the Road to Watendlath."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.370
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
source data:-   Print, aquatint, Derwent Water including Derwent Isle, Cumberland, drawn by Becker, published by R Crutterell, Bath, Somerset, 1802.
image  click to enlarge
PR0438.jpg
Derwent Isle and its house in the midground. 
A companion print has the publisher as Cruttwell. 
printed at bottom left, centre:-  "Becker del. / Derwent-Water. / Pub. Jan. 1 1802, by R. Crutterell, Bath."
item:-  private collection : 102
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Pocklington's Island
item:-  boat; rowing boat; landing stage; house
item:-  Pocklington
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, A View from the North of Pocklington's Island, ie Derwent Island? Keswick, Cumberland, drawn by Joseph Pocklington, engraved by Samuel Middiman, 1787.
image  click to enlarge
PR0536.jpg
Included in The History of the County of Cumberland, by William Hutchinson, published by Law and Son, Clarke, and Taylor, London, 1794. 
printed at bottom:-  "Joseph Pocklington Esq. del. S. Middiman sculpsit. / A View from the North, of Pocklington's Island, near Keswick in Cumberland. / Drawn from the Spot by Joseph Pocklington Esqr. of Carlton House, near Newark, Nottinghamshire. 1786. / Published as the Act directs, March 29, 1787."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.485
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Lowther 1780s-90s
placename:-  Derwent Isle
placename:-  Pocklington's Island
source data:-   Print, engraving, Pocklington's Island, drawn by Joseph Pocklington, engraved by Samuel Middiman, published 1786.
image  click to enlarge
BMZ91.jpg
item:-  Dove Cottage : Lowther.55
Image © see bottom of page

photograph
BZO07.jpg (taken 24.10.2013)  
hearsay:-  
 Joseph Pocklington bought the island, 1778 or 1781, and declared himself its governor; he was called as King Pocky. Pocklington's fort, battery, chapel, druid's circle, and boat house, are now all ruins; nothing to see.
hearsay:-  
 The miners from Ausberg, Germany settled here and were involved in prospecting and mining in the surrounding area in the 16th century. They operated as the Company of Mines Royal.
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