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Burgh by Sands
Bruff
locality:-   Hadrian's Wall
civil parish:-   Burgh by Sands (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   locality
locality type:-   buildings
coordinates:-   NY32755914 (etc) 
1Km square:-   NY3259
10Km square:-   NY35

evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Cmd 15 12) 
placename:-  Burgh by Sands
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.

evidence:-   old map:- Gough 1350s-60s
placename:-  Burgh Juxta Sablones
source data:-   Map, colour photozincograph copy, reduced size facsimile, Gough Map of Britain, scale about 28.5 miles to 1 inch, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, 1875.
image  click to enlarge
Ggh1Cm.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 33
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Gough 1350s-60s
placename:-  Burgh Juxta Sablones
source data:-   Map, lithograph facsimile, Gough Map of Britain, 20 miles to 1 inch? published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, 1935.
image  click to enlarge
Ggh2Cm.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 34
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Lloyd 1573
placename:-  Burg
source data:-   Map, hand coloured copper plate engraving, Angliae Regni, Kingdom of England, with Wales, scale about 24 miles to 1 inch, authored by Humphrey Lloyd, Denbigh, Clwyd, drawn and engraved by Abraham Ortelius, Netherlands, 1573.
image  click to enlarge
Lld1Cm.jpg
"Burg"
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA1998.69
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Saxton 1579
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576, published 1579-1645.
image
Sax9NY35.jpg
Church, symbol for a parish or village, with a parish church.  "Burgh"
item:-  private collection : 2
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Mercator 1595 (edn?) 
placename:-  Burg
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Northumbria, Cumberlandia, et Dunelmensis Episcopatus, ie Northumberland, Cumberland and Durham etc, scale about 6.5 miles to 1 inch, by Gerard Mercator, Duisberg, Germany, about 1595.
image
MER8CumC.jpg
"Burg"
circle 
item:-  JandMN : 169
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Burgh Kirk
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland and the Ancient Citie Carlile Described, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by J Sudbury and George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP11NY35.jpg
"Burgh Kirk"
circle, buildings, tower 
item:-  private collection : 16
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Jansson 1646
placename:-  Burgh Kirk
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumbria and Westmoria, ie Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646.
image
JAN3NY35.jpg
"Burgh kirk"
Buildings and tower. 
item:-  JandMN : 88
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Burgh upon Sand
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695-1715.
image
MD12NY35.jpg
"Burgh Upon Sand"
Circle, building and tower; there is also a deleted label. 
item:-  JandMN : 90
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map, descriptive text:- Bowen 1720 (plate 162) 
placename:-  Burgh upon Sands
placename:-  Castra Exploratum
source data:-   Road book, Britannia Depicta Or Ogilby Improv'd, including road strip maps with sections in Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, derived from maps by Ogilby, 1675, also a county map of Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, and of Cumberland, scale about 16.5 miles to 1 inch, each with text, by John Owen, published by Emanuel Bowen, London, 1720; published 1720-64.
"... Burgh upon Sands suppos'd to be the same with old Castra Exploratum, memorable on the account of ye renowned K: Ed. 1st. who seduced the Welsh, and marching with his Army against the Scotch dyed here in his Camp 7. Julÿa.d.1307."

evidence:-   old map:- Badeslade 1742
placename:-  Burgh up Sand
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, A Map of Cumberland North from London, scale about 11 miles to 1 inch, with descriptive text, by Thomas Badeslade, London, engraved and published by William Henry Toms, Union Court, Holborn, London, 1742.
image  click to enlarge
BD10.jpg
"Burgh up Sand"
circle, italic lowercase text; village, hamlet or locality 
item:-  JandMN : 115
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   descriptive text:- Simpson 1746
placename:-  Burgh upon Sands
source data:-   Atlas, three volumes of maps and descriptive text published as 'The Agreeable Historian, or the Compleat English Traveller ...', by Samuel Simpson, 1746.
image SMP4P187, button  goto source
"... The Romans had also another Station near this Place [Drumburgh Castle], which, by changing of the Name, is, at present called"
"Burgh upon Sands, a large Barony, taking in all the neighbouring Lands and Town: It was first bestowed by Ranulph de Meschines, Lord of Cumberland, upon Robert de Estrivers, or Trivers, whom he made also chief Forester in his Forest of Englewood. From him, by"
image SMP4P188, button  goto source
"Marriage it came to Sir Hugh Morvil, whose Family enjoy'd it for some Time, and were called the Morvils of Burgh super sabulones: A Knight of this Family, named Hugh Morvil, was one of the four that kill'd Thomas Beckett, Archbishop of Canterbury; for which, being afterwards very penitent, he gave the Rectory of this Town to the Abbey of Holm Cultram, which the Bishops of Carlisle appropriated to the Monks."
"The Sword with which he kill'd the Archbishop was kept long at Issal, and now remains in the Family of the Arundels. ..."
image SMP4P189, button  goto source
"The Inhabitants say, that under this Burgh in the very AEstuary, there was first a Sea Fight between the Scots and English; and when the Tide was out, a second Fight began between the Horse of both Sides, as strange as that which Pliny relates in Caramania, and makes a great Wonder of it: Into this AEstuary the Huna, or River Eden, having pass'd thro' Part of Westmoreland, and quite cross the N.E. Parts of the County, falls with a vast Body of Waters, which in the Year 1216, seemed to be the greatest Enemy that the Scots had, for when they had plunder'd the English without Resistance, and were returning with Loads of Spoil, they came upon them with a full Torrent, and quickly swallow'd up the whole plundering Crew."

evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
placename:-  Burgh on the Sands
item:-  roman altar
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G7490367, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1749 p.367 
image  click to enlarge
G7490367.jpg
"An INSCRIPTION found on a small portable ALTAR at Burgh on the Sands, in Cumberland. in the house of one John Hodgson. - A reading of it is desired."

evidence:-   old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
placename:-  Burgh upon Sands
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY35.jpg
"Burgh upon Sands / V"
circle, building and tower, vicarage 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Donald 1774 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Burgh on the Sands
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, 3x2 sheets, The County of Cumberland, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by Thomas Donald, engraved and published by Joseph Hodskinson, 29 Arundel Street, Strand, London, 1774.
image
D4NY35NW.jpg
"Burgh on the Sands"
blocks, and usually a church, labelled in upright lowercase; a village 
item:-  Carlisle Library : Map 2
Image © Carlisle Library

evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Burgh on Sands
placename:-  Burgh yn the Sand
item:-  roman altaraltar, romaninscription, romanroman inscription
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P187, button  goto source
Page 187:-  "..."
"Burgh on Sands ... An altar inscribed,"
"DEO
BELA
TVCA"
"was dug up in the vicar's garden; the 5th to that deity in England. Another inscription published in Gent. Mag. Aug. 1749, p.367, runs thus:"
"ALA TVN P. PO.
S: CENSORVVS
SALVTE SVA
ES [ET] POS."
"On the spot where Edward I died, ..."
"..."
""Burgh yn the sand standeth a mile off from the hither bank of Edon. It is a village by the which remain the ruins of a great place, now clene desolated, where king Edward the first died. Burgh"
image CAM2P188, button  goto source
Page 188:-  ""stondith from Bolnes three miles and from Cair Luel four or five, and longid sometime to the Morvilles. Here was 15 years ago the lord Maxwell sore woundid, many slain and drowned in Edon." This relates to the battle of Sollom moss 1524."
"Burgh belonged to the Lucys and Multons, and passed by the heiress of the latter to the Dacres of Dacre castle, to the coheiress of a younger branch of whom this barony was allotted, and her descendant in the 4th generation Henry Howard, duke of Norfolk, sold it about 1689 to sir John Lowther, bart. ancestor of the present possessor."

evidence:-   road book:- Cary 1798 (2nd edn 1802) 
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Road book, itineraries, Cary's New Itinerary, by John Cary, 181 Strand, London, 2nd edn 1802.
image CY38p555, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38555.jpg
page 555-556  "Burgh"
item:-  JandMN : 228.2
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Laurie and Whittle 1806
placename:-  Burgh on the Sands
source data:-   Road map, Completion of the Roads to the Lakes, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, by Nathaniel Coltman? 1806, published by Robert H Laurie, 53 Fleet Street, London, 1834.
image  click to enlarge
Lw18.jpg
"Burgh on the Sands 311¼"
village or other place; distance from London 
item:-  private collection : 18.18
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Cooper 1808
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 10.5 miles to 1 inch, drawn and engraved by Cooper, published by R Phillips, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, 1808.
image  click to enlarge
COP3.jpg
"Burgh"
circle; village or hamlet 
item:-  JandMN : 86
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G816B600, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1816 part 2 p.600 
From the Compendium of County History:-  "1306, July 7, at Burgh-upon-Sands, EDWARD I. died."

evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag 1819
item:-  battle
source data:-   image G819A404, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1819 part 1 p.404 
From the Compendium of County History:-  "1016. Near Burgh-upon-Sands, Uchtred Earl of Northumberland and the Danes defeated by Malcolm King of Scotland."

evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag 1819
source data:-   image G819A405, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1819 part 1 p.405  "1307. ... on June 28, Edward, very weak and ill, left the city [Carlisle] on his March to Scotland; halted that night at Caldecote; reached Burgh-upon-Sands July 5, and closed his glorious reign there July 7. An obelisk commemorating this event was erected on Burgh Marsh by Henry Duke of Norfolk in 1685, and repaired by William Viscount Lowther in 1803. ..."

evidence:-   old map:- Ford 1839 map
placename:-  Burgh on the Sands
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Map of the Lake District of Cumberland, Westmoreland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, and by R Groombridge, 5 Paternoster Row, London, 3rd edn 1843.
image
FD02NY35.jpg
"Burgh on the Sands"
item:-  JandMN : 100.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Garnett 1850s-60s H
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Map of the English Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
image
GAR2NY36.jpg
"Burgh"
blocks, settlement 
item:-  JandMN : 82.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Post Office 1850s-1900s
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Post road maps, General Post Office Circulation Map for England and Wales, for the General Post Office, London, 1850s-1900s.
image  click to enlarge
POF7Cm.jpg
"Burgh"
map date 1909 

evidence:-   old map:- Post Office 1850s-1900s
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Post road maps, General Post Office Circulation Map for England and Wales, for the General Post Office, London, 1850s-1900s.
image  click to enlarge
PF10Cm.jpg
"Burgh"
map date 1892 

evidence:-   old map:- Post Office 1850s-1900s
placename:-  Burgh
source data:-   Post road maps, General Post Office Circulation Map for England and Wales, for the General Post Office, London, 1850s-1900s.
image  click to enlarge
POF2Cm.jpg
"Burgh"
map date 1890 

:-  
images courtesy of the British Postal Museum and Hampshire CC Museums

hearsay:-  
John Stagg, known as Blin' Stagg the Fiddler, was born here, 1770. His father was a tailor. He was educated to be a clergyman, but lost his sight in an accident. He played the fiddle and sang, and was in great demand for merry nights.
There was a bakehouse for bread and tatie pots down Tatie Pot Alley.

places:-  
NY32685891 Amberfield (Burgh by Sands)
NY314592 Burgh by Sands Castle (Burgh by Sands) gone
NY32615912 Burgh by Sands Parish Hall (Burgh by Sands)
NY32705883 Burgh by Sands School (Burgh by Sands)
NY32845913 Burgh Head (Burgh by Sands)
NY32495910 Burgh House (Burgh by Sands)
NY32255888 Burgh Station (Burgh by Sands)
NY31225806 Burghmoor House (Burgh by Sands)
NY32715914 Cross Cottage (Burgh by Sands)
NY32785914 Demesne Farmhouse (Burgh by Sands)
NY31865895 fingerpost, Burgh by Sands (Burgh by Sands)
NY32775914 fingerpost, Burgh by Sands (2) (Burgh by Sands)
NY32765913 fingerpost, Burgh by Sands (3) (Burgh by Sands)
NY32375906 Greyhound (Burgh by Sands) L
NY32165909 Hangman Tree (Burgh by Sands)
NY31815883 Hill Farm (Burgh by Sands) L
NY330590 Burgh by Sands Manor (Burgh by Sands) gone
NY31865895 Mill House (Burgh by Sands)
NY32765931 North End (Burgh by Sands)
NY32905912 Old Vicarage, The (Burgh by Sands) L
NY32065903 police station, Burgh by Sands (Burgh by Sands)
NY32775914 post box, Burgh by Sands (Burgh by Sands)
NY32905930 race course, Burgh by Sands (Burgh by Sands)
NY31385907 Rindle House (Burgh by Sands)
NY30915868 Shield (Burgh by Sands)
NY33085912 Speergarth Holes (Burgh by Sands)
NY32865911 St Michael's Church (Burgh by Sands) L
NY32865914 war memorial, Burgh by Sands (Burgh by Sands)
NY31245943 Watch Hill (Burgh by Sands)
NY32185901 West End (Burgh by Sands)
NY31855891 West Green Bridge (Burgh by Sands) L
NY31635904 Westgreen School (Burgh by Sands)
NY32695914 White Row (Burgh by Sands)
NY32235901 Hewitt Cottage (Burgh by Sands)
 pinfold, Burgh by Sands (Burgh by Sands) planned
NY32825912 Aballava (Burgh by Sands)
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