button to main menu  Old Cumbria Gazetteer
included in:-  

 road, Lancaster to Carlisle
road, Shap to Penrith
Shap to Penrith
Penrith to Shap
A6
civil parish:-   Shap (formerly Westmorland)
civil parish:-   Shap Rural (formerly Westmorland)
civil parish:-   Thrimby (formerly Westmorland)
civil parish:-   Lowther (formerly Westmorland)
civil parish:-   Clifton (formerly Westmorland)
civil parish:-   Yanwath and Eamont Bridge (formerly Westmorland)
civil parish:-   Penrith (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   road route
10Km square:-   NY51
10Km square:-   NY52
10Km square:-   NY53

evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675
source data:-   Road strip map, hand coloured engraving, continuation of the Road from London to Carlisle, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
image
OG38StoP.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 21
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Wmd) 
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695.
image
MD10NY52.jpg
image
MD10NY51.jpg
Double line. 
item:-  JandMN : 24
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Bowen 1720 (plate 94) 
source data:-   Strip maps, uncoloured engravings, road maps, The Road from London to Carlisle, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, with sections in Lancashire and Westmorland, published by Emanuel Bowen, St Katherines, London, 1720.
image
B094StoP.jpg
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.100
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Badeslade 1742
placename:-  
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, A Map of Westmorland North from London, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, with descriptive text, by Thomas Badeslade, London, engraved and published by William Henry Toms, Union Court, Holborn, London, 1742.
image  click to enlarge
BD12.jpg
""
double line 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.62
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Simpson 1746 map (Wmd) 
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, printed by R Walker, Fleet Lane, London, 1746.
image
SMP2NYL.jpg
Double line. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.59
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY42.jpg
double line, dotted 
image
BO18NY41.jpg
"Kendal to Penrith 26"
double line, dotted 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Kitchin 1767 (plate 40) 
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, The Road from London to Carlisle, in Kitchin's Post Chaise Companion, by Thomas Kitchin, published by Robert Sayer, 53 Fleet Street, John Bowles, Cornhill, and Carington Bowles, St Paul's Church Yard, London, 1767.
image
K040StoP.jpg
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA1999.138.40
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Jefferys 1770 (Wmd) 
source data:-   Map, 4 sheets, The County of Westmoreland, scale 1 inch to 1 mile, surveyed 1768, and engraved and published by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1770.
image
J5NY52NW.jpg
image
J5NY52SW.jpg
image
J5NY51NE.jpg
double line; road, bold, main road, with mile numbers; old route by Hackthorpe 
item:-  National Library of Scotland : EME.s.47
Images © National Library of Scotland

evidence:-   old map:- Donald 1774 (Cmd) 
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, 3x2 sheets, The County of Cumberland, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by Thomas Donald, engraved and published by Joseph Hodskinson, 29 Arundel Street, Strand, London, 1774.
double line, solid or dotted, with a dot or milestone and number at 1 mile intervals, tinted red; turnpike road 
into Westmorland 
image
D4NY52NW.jpg
"From Kendal"
item:-  Carlisle Library : Map 2
Image © Carlisle Library

evidence:-   old map:- Cary 1789 (edn 1805) 
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Cary, London, 1789; edition 1805.
image
CY24NY52.jpg
image
CY24NY51.jpg
double line, bold light, numbered miles; main road 
item:-  JandMN : 129
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   road map:- Cary 1790 (Cmd/edn 1789) 
source data:-   Road map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 15 miles to 1 inch, by John Cary, 181 Strand, London, 1790, edn 1789.
image  click to enlarge
CY47.jpg
"to Kendal"
double line 
item:-  JandMN : 419
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   road map:- Cary 1790 (Wmd/edn 1792) 
source data:-   Road map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland, scale about 11.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Cary, 181 Strand, London, 1790, edn 1792.
image  click to enlarge
CY16.jpg
double line, with road distances from Kendal 
item:-  JandMN : 44
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   road book:- Cary 1798 (2nd edn 1802) 
source data:-   Road book, itineraries, Cary's New Itinerary, by John Cary, 181 Strand, London, 2nd edn 1802.
image CY38p267, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38267.jpg
page 267-268  "LONDON, through Manchester and Carlisle, to Port Patrick"
part of 
image CY38p271, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38271.jpg
page 271-272  "[PORT PATRICK to Northampton.]"
part of reverse route 
image CY38p281, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38281.jpg
page 281-282  "At Lowther Bridge, on l. a T.R. to Kendal."
item:-  JandMN : 228.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   road book:- Cary 1798 (2nd edn 1802) 
source data:-   Road book, itineraries, Cary's New Itinerary, by John Cary, 181 Strand, London, 2nd edn 1802.
image CY38p733, button  goto source
image  click to enlarge
C38733.jpg
page 733-734  "At Penrith, on l. a T.R. to Kendal."
item:-  JandMN : 228.2
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   descriptive text:- Baker 1802
source data:-   Perspective road map with sections in Lancashire, Westmorland, and Cumberland, by J Baker, London 1802.
pp.25-26:-  "... near Penrith, the country imperceptibly exchanges its savage character for pleasurable views of cultivation and fertility. ..."

evidence:-   old map:- Cooke 1802
source data:-   Map, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 12 miles to 1 inch, by George Cooke, 1802, published by Sherwood, Jones and Co, Paternoster Road, London, 1824.
image  click to enlarge
GRA1Wd.jpg
double line, feathered edges; post road? 
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA2000.62.4
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Cooke 1802
source data:-   Map, Cumberland, scale about 15.5 miles to 1 inch, by George Cooke, 1802, bound in Gray's New Book of Roads, 1824, published by Sherwood, Jones and Co, Paternoster Road, London, 1824.
image  click to enlarge
GRA1Cd.jpg
"to Kendal the London Road"
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA2000.62.2
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Laurie and Whittle 1806
source data:-   Road map, Completion of the Roads to the Lakes, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, by Nathaniel Coltman? 1806, published by Robert H Laurie, 53 Fleet Street, London, 1834.
image  click to enlarge
Lw18.jpg
double line, light bold; 'Mail-Coach Roads (Direct)' 
item:-  private collection : 18.18
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Cooper 1808
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 9 miles to 1 inch, by H Cooper, 1808, published by R Phillips, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, 1808.
image  click to enlarge
COP4.jpg
double line; road 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.53
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Wallis 1810 (Wmd) 
source data:-   Road map, Westmoreland, scale about 19 miles to 1 inch, by James Wallis, 77 Berwick Street, Soho, 1810, published by W Lewis, Finch Lane, London, 1835?
image  click to enlarge
WAL5.jpg
double line, hatched; 'Mail Coach Road' 
item:-  JandMN : 63
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Wallis 1810 (Cmd) 
source data:-   Road map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, by James Wallis, 77 Berwick Stree, Soho, London, 1810.
image  click to enlarge
WL13.jpg
"to Kendal"
double line, hatched; 'Mail Coach Road' 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2009.81.10
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Hall 1820 (Wmd) 
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 14.5 miles to 1 inch, by Sidney Hall, London, 1820, published by Samuel Leigh, 18 Strand, London, 1820-31.
image  click to enlarge
HA18.jpg
"To Penrith"
double line, solid; main road; Shap, Thrimby, Clifton, ... 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.58
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Hall 1820 (Cmd) 
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 21 miles to 1 inch, engraved by Sidney Hall, published by S Leigh, 18 Strand, London, 1820-31.
image  click to enlarge
HA14.jpg
"To Kendall"
double line, solid; main road; ... Penrith 
item:-  JandMN : 91
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Ford 1839 map
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Map of the Lake District of Cumberland, Westmoreland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, and by R Groombridge, 5 Paternoster Row, London, 3rd edn 1843.
image
FD02NY51.jpg
"S to P 11 Ms."
image
FD02NY52.jpg
image
FD02NY53.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 100.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Garnett 1850s-60s H
source data:-   Map of the English Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
image
GAR2NY53.jpg
double line, bold light, major road 
image
GAR2NY52.jpg
image
GAR2NY51.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 82.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   gradient diagram:- Gall and Inglis 1890s-1900s (Roads) 
source data:-   Contour Road Book of England, Northern Division, by Harry R G Inglis, published by Gall and Inglis, 25 Paternoster Square, London and Edinburgh, 1898.
image  click to enlarge
IG5160.jpg
Itinerary, with gradient diagram, route 160, Carlisle to Haltwhistle, and route 161, Carlisle to Kendal, Westmorland, Cumberland and Northumberland, 1898. 
item:-  JandMN : 763.8
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old text:- Harper 1907
item:-  mail coachstage coachsnowhorse
source data:-   Guidebook, The Manchester and Glasgow Road, by Charles G Harper, published by Chapman and Hall Ltd, London, 1907.
HP01p109.txt
Page 109:-  "..."
"The Telfers were coachmen ... and well known over Shap way. Jem Barnes, on the other hand, was fat and lumbersome and lacked fire; so that people did say he had his sleeping-ground as well as his galloping-ground. But, one night, at least, when he was driving north over Shap Fell, there was little chance of sleeping. He had on that occasion not only to gallop at all the snow-drifts, but to put a postboy and a pair on in front. The pole-hook broke in midst of the blinding, snow-wreathed journey, and the hand of his almost namesake, Jem Byrns, the guard, was nearly frozen to the screw-wrench when he brought out a spare pole-hook and fastened it on. The snow was falling in flakes as large as crown-pieces all the while, and the only comic relief was the voice of a "heavy swell" issuing from the box seat, beneath a perfect tortoise-shell covering of capes and furs, "What are you fellows keeping me here in this cold for, and warming your own hands at the lamp?""
"George Eade, another of this distinguished company, was very deaf, but with hearing enough to be cognisant of a great many objurgations from Mr. Richardson, of the "Greyhound" at Shap, for taking it out of his horses. One day Richardson came out and was particularly bland - nothing to complain of at all - but George, unable to distinguish anything, and concluding he was on the old subject, had his back up in an instant. "Hang you!" said he, "I'm not before my time; I'll bet you ~5 of it; look at my watch!""
"..."
HP01p110.txt
Page 110:-  "..."
"The mail-coachmen on the Shap and Penrith stage were for some time afflicted with a mare that stopped with every one of them in turn at the end of two miles. At last they all wearied of her, and orders were issued that if she refused again, she was not to be brought back alive. On this fateful journey she started, and, according to her use and wont, suddenly sulked and sat down on her haunches in the middle of the road, like a dog, with her fore-legs straight out in front. The coachman, armed by the contractor with power of life or death, did not proceed to tragical extremities. He got down, took a rail out of the hedge, and struck her nine times below the knees with the flat side of it. The treatment proved effectual, not only for that journey, but for all time, and she was docile and willing ever after."
"How bravely and doggedly the mails and stages battled on winter nights against the howling blasts of Shap and Stainmoor, sometimes contending with snowstorms and drifts in which not only the coachman and guard, but the passengers also, bore a hand at the snow-shovels and dug and delved until hands and feet, previously numbed with cold, glowed again! How anxiously, when the digging and delving seemed almost ineffectual and the drifts impassable, did they strain their vision to catch a glimpse through the murky night, filled with driving snowflakes for the cheerful lights of that roadside inn, the "Welcome into Cumberland," telling travellers accustomed to this road not only of comfort available at hand, but a farewell to the terrors of Westmoreland and approach to the sheltered little town of Penrith."

evidence:-   old strip map:- CTC 1911 (Roads) 
source data:-   Page 15 of Cyclists' Touring Club British Road Book new series vol.6, edited by F B Sandford, published by Thomas Nelson and Sons, London etc, 1911.
image  click to enlarge
CTC215.jpg
Strip road map, route 1, Carlisle Penrith Shap, part of Carlisle to Tarporley, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch. 
Together with an itinerary and gradient diagram. 
item:-  JandMN : 491.15
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old map:- Burrow 1920s
source data:-   Road book, On the Road, Dunlop Pictorial Road Plans, volume V, strip maps with parts in Westmorland, Cumberland etc, irregular scale about 1.5 miles to 1 inch, by E J Burrow and Co, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, 1920s.
image
EJB3StoP.jpg
item:-  private collection : 17
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-   old text:- Burrow 1920s
placename:-  
source data:-   Road book, strip maps with parts in Westmorland, Cumberland etc, irregular scales about 1.5 miles to 1 inch, by E J Burrow and Co, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, 1920s.
"... At Shap we are not far from Lowther Castle, Lord Lonsdale's seat, which is to the left of the road. At Clifton, farther along, is one of the peel towers which were considered an indispensable adjunct to any house of importance during the troublous times of Border raids. ... Beyond here the grand old fortress of Brougham Castle, partly Norman, is to the right, while on the other side is soon passed the prehistoric earthwork called King Arthur's Round Table. The Eamont River is crossed by a fifteenth-century bridge and the climb beyond carries us into Cumberland."
"Penrith is now close ahead, ..."

 Act of Parliament

places:-    Shap
 Clifton
 Lowther Bridge, Yanwath etc
 Eamont Bridge, Eamont Bridge
 Penrith

milestones:-   All milestones known, various dates 
in sequence, mostly on A6 
 milestone, Shap (7)
 milestone, Shap
 milestone, Shap Rural (5)
 milestone, Thrimby (5)
 milestone, Thrimby (4)
 milestone, Thrimby (6)
 milestone, Thrimby (3)
 milestone, Thrimby
 milestone, Thrimby (2) on westerly route through Lowther 
 milestone, Lowther (3)
 milestone, Lowther (5) on westerly route through Lowther 
 milestone, Lowther
 milestone, Lowther (4)
 milestone, Clifton (2)
 milestone, Clifton (4)
 milestone, Clifton
 milestone, Clifton (5)
 milestone, Clifton (3)
 milestone, Yanwath etc

places:-  
NY55681842 Shapbeck Bridge (Thrimby / Shap Rural)
NY53302679 milestone, Clifton (Clifton)
NY53902532 milestone, Clifton (2) (Clifton)
NY52562811 milestone, Clifton (3) (Clifton)
NY53712611 milestone, Clifton (4) (Clifton) perhaps once
NY53022751 milestone, Clifton (5) (Clifton) perhaps once
NY53862374 milestone, Lowther (Lowther) L not found
NY54802255 milestone, Lowther (3) (Lowther) not found
NY53832470 milestone, Lowther (4) (Lowther) perhaps once
NY53762307 milestone, Lowther (5) (Lowther) perhaps once
NY56081627 milestone, Shap (Shap) L
NY56161580 milestone, Shap (7) (Shap) perhaps once
NY55052092 milestone, Thrimby (Thrimby)
NY54402159 milestone, Thrimby (2) (Thrimby) perhaps once
NY55322026 milestone, Thrimby (3) (Thrimby) perhaps once?
NY55631896 milestone, Thrimby (4) (Thrimby) perhaps once
NY55681783 milestone, Thrimby (5) (Thrimby)
NY55611833 Shapbeck Bridge (Thrimby)
NY52162899 Toll Bar Cottage (Penrith) L
NY55671940 milestone, Thrimby (6) (Thrimby) gone
NY55871736 milestone, Shap Rural (5) (Shap Rural) perhaps once
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