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road, Carlisle to Berwick
Carlisle to Berwick
Berwick to Carlisle
locality:-   Carlisle
civil parish:-   Carlisle (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   route
locality:-   Berwick
country:-   Scotland
locality type:-   route
route parts:-   partly in Cumberland; older route 
 Carlisle to Newcastleton
 Newcastleton to Berwick
route parts:-   partly in Cumberland. 
 Carlisle to Longtown
 Longtown to Newcastleton
 Newcastleton to Berwick
evidence:-   old road book:- Ogilby 1675 (edn 1698) 
source data:-   OB16p029.txt
page 29; describing plate 62  "The Road from"
"CARLISLE to BARWICK, in Northumberland."
"I. THE Point of Bearing N. E. II. The Direct Horizontal Distance 69 M"
"III. The vulgar Computation 55 M. IV. The Dimensuration 80'4."
From CARLISLE Comp. Measure.
to Brakenhil 06 06 | 09'4 09'4
the Ent'ring Scotland 06 12 | 09'2 18'6
Castleton 04 16 | 05'6 24'4
Jedborough 16 32 | 22'0 46'4
Kelso 07 39 | 10'6 57'2
to the re-entring England 4 43 | 05'4 62'6
Cornhil 3 46 | 04'1 66'7
Wesel 2 48 | 03'3 70'2
Barwick 7 55 | 10'2 80'4
"Cumberland; Part of Scotland and Northumberland include the Road; and the Eden, Leven, Kirsop, Liddale, Jed, Tweed, Reddinburn and Till, are the Principal Rivers cross'd over; yielding very rarely an enclos'd Way, or any Entertainment for a Traveller, except in Jedborough and Kelso, both in Scotland; the R. being chiefly mountainous and infrequented, yet not to be better'd, unless doubling the length of the Journey, you go by New-Castle."
"Forward Turnings to be avoided."
"At 10'4 The Right to Whitclose. 38'2 The acute on the Right to Wolly. 51'2 The Left acute. 56'7 The acute Way on the Right, at the Ent'ring Kelso. 64'6 The Right to Etal. 69'3 The acute Way on the Right to Heaton. 59'5 The acute Way on the Right, to Tilmouth. 71'6 The acute Way on the Right, to New-Biggins. 75'2 The acute Way on the Right, to Thornton."
"FROM Moor-Hall, in the City of CARLISLE, pass thro' Rikard or Scotch-Gate, and cross Ituna or Eden flu. which rising in Westmoreland, on the Confines of Yorksh. passes by Kirkby-Steven and Appleby, and receives the Below, Troutbeck and Livennant; next the Ulles; and therein the Glenkwen and Gleroden, by Penrith; then the Irthing alias Irt, from the Borders of Northumberland and Scotland; and therein the Gelt, Gambek, Potrose and Troutbek; afterwards the Bruscath: And, Lastly, the Petterel and Canda; then with the great River Esk, from Eskdale in Scotland, and the Rivulet Sark, it empties it self into the Itunian Bay; whence we meet with Burgh, or Burgh upon Sands, suppos'd to be the Old Castra Exploratorum, and Boulness or Blatum Bulgium, near the End of the Picts Wall, another Roman Station mention'd in the Itineraries."
"At 1'0 by Stanix alias Stanwicks-Ch. on the Right, an enclos'd Road leads at 2'6 to Blakeford-V. on the Left: At 3'4 pass by New-Pown-V. somewhat distant on the Left; leave the Lane, and enter open Way; and such indeed, is generally the whole Remainder of the Road. At 3'7 pass by Garriston-V. on the Left, and at about 5 Miles, thro' an enclos'd Way for 6 F. At 7'3 over Leven alias Line flu. falling into the Esk, and giving Denomination to Kirk-Leventon on the Right, and W. Leventon 1 M. behind, on the Left. At 8'3 by some Houses on the Right, come to Bratchneth, alias Brackenhil-V. at 9'4 on the Left; at 10'2 ascend a Hill of 2 F. and by the Skirts of others, arrive at an Asc. of 3 F. call'd Netherhurst at 12'1: Whence at 15'6 pass by Kingsfield-V. to the Left about 3 F. and at 16'4 by Lethel-V. likewise on the Left."
"At 18'1 leave Stonegarth, alias Stangartick, a little to the Right, and at Kirsop flv. cross'd at 18'6 enter Scotland: Then by Kirkby-Hill, some Houses so call'd, on the Right; at 21'2 cross Liddale flv. falling into the Kirsop a little below, and both into the Esk: At 23'4 appears Castleton-Kirk 4 F. to the Left, and 1 M. farther, pass thro' Castleton-V. At 25'6 leave Dunley-bire, a House so call'd, on the Left; at 29'3 re-pass Liddale flv. and ascend a Hill; a little farther, ascending and descending alike: Thus, by repeated Asc. and Desc. at several distances, at 38'2 pass by the House of Sr. Gilbert Elliot, to the Right about 3 F. call'd Wootly; and keeping a Road like the former, arrive at Jedborough, on Jedd flv. which having receiv'd 8 lesser Streams bearing Names; is one of the 10 principal Ones that fall onto the Tiot or Tiviot, and that again is one of the 21 prime Branches that constitute the Tweed, so deservedly Eminent among the British Rivers."
OB16p030.txt
page 30; plate 62 continued (at Jedburgh)  "'Tis a handsome Town of 3 F. with a small Mt. Thence at 46'6 set forward by Cralm or Crelin-V. of 3 F. on the Right at 50'2, cross a Brook at 41 M. and by Kirk-Eckford alias Sackford, on the same Hand, at 52'6 pass thro' that part of Scotland call'd Tividale, from Tiot or Tiviot flv. with which it is water'd."
"At 54'5 thro' Highton or Hilton-V. of 3 F. at 56'7 come to part of Kelso alias Kailso. At 57 M. cross the Tweed by a Ferry, not much below the place where it receives the Tiviot; and enter Kailso, a well-built Mt-Town, pleasantly seated on the North side of the said Tweed, and scarce inferiour to any in the South part of Scotland, extending 4 F. on the Road, and as much upon the River."
"Hence by Sharpitlaw on the Left, and Sprouston 3 F. distant from 59'2 on the Right, re-pass the Tweed at 60'5 and come to Ridam alias Reddin at 62 M. on the Left, a Village so named from Reddingburn flv. which cross at 62'6 and re-enter England, about 1 M. from its Influx into Tweed, which afterwards is the Limits of the 2 Kingdoms, dividing Scotland from that Province of England, call'd Northumberland."
"At 63'3 thro' Carrhoom alias Carram-Castle-V. leave Wark-Castle on the Left, between you and the River, which at 1 M. distance, more or less, accompanies you to Barwick. At 66'7 come to Cornhil alias Cornwel, and between Tillmouth on the Right, and Tillisly-Hall on the Left; at 70 M. cross Till flu. which watering this N. part of Northumberland, passes by Wooller, a Mt-Town, and having receiv'd the Bowbenny, Hetterborn and Boanish, a little below this place, falls into the Tweed: Then by Wesel on the Left, and Grimdon-V. to the Right, about 4 F. from 71'2 enter an enclos'd Way, between 73'4 and 75'2. Where, at the cross Road Thornton appears to the Right, about 4 F. and at 76'2 Lingridg-House somewhat nearer on the Left: Whence proceed to Orde-V. of 2 F. near the Banks of the Tweed."
"At 79'2 fall in with the great London-Road, and at 80 M. cross the Tweed over a fair long Br. to BARWICK, a Town and County of it self, the possession of which, (during the Discords between the 2 Kingdoms, before the Union) was very vigorously strove for by the opposite Parties. 'Twas taken by the King's Forces from the invading Scots, and 25000 of their numerous Army were slain, Ann. 25. Edw. I. but since temp. Edw. IV. it has been constantly possess'd by the English; and elects Parliament-Men."
"Backward Turnings to be avoided."
"I. 6 F. from Barwick the Left, being the great R. to York, London, &c. II. Against Thornton, the Right acute. III. Against Grimdon, the Right to the Borders of Scotland. IV. 6 F. short of Brakenhil, the Right to the Mole."
item:-  private collection : 367
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675 (plate 62) 
source data:-   Raod strip map, uncoloured engraving, the Road from Carlisle to Barwick, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
image  click to enlarge
OG62.jpg
"The Road from CARLISLE com~ Cumbr. to BARWICK upon Tweed com~ Northumbr."
item:-  JandMN : 83
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Berry 1679
source data:-   Road map, diagram, The Grand Roads of England, engraved by John Rich, made and published by William Berry, at the Sign of the Globe, London, 1679.
from the east, Barwick, Northumberland; through Castleton 5 miles to Lethel, Scotland; then 5 Brake~hil 5 Blakeford 2 CARLILE, Cumberland 
evidence:-   old strip map:- Senex 1719 (plate 62/Roads) 
source data:-   Strip map, road map, The Road from Carlisle to Barwick, including from Carlisle, Cumberland, and into Scotland at Kirshopefoot, by John Senex, The Globe, Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, London, 1719.
image  click to enlarge
SEN5M3.jpg
Plate 62 in An Actual Survey of all the Principal Roads of England and Wales. 
printed at plain cartouche, upper centre:-  "The Road from CARLISLE to BARWICK / Containing from Carlisle to / Brakenhill 9½ / entering Scotland 18¾ / Castleton 24½ / Jedboro 46½ / Kelso 57¼ / re-entering England 62¾ / Cornhill 66¾ / Wesel 70¼ / Barwick 80¼"
printed at bottom right:-  "62"
item:-  private collection : 272.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map with descriptive text:- Bowen 1720 (plate 161) 
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, pl.161, part of The Road from Carlisle to Barwick, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, with sections in Cumberland, and Scotland, published by Emanuel Bowen, St Katherines, London, 1720.
image  click to enlarge
B161.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 65.161
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map with descriptive text:- Bowen 1720 (plate 162) 
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, pl.162, part of The Road from Carlisle to Barwick, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, with sections in Scotland, published by Emanuel Bowen, St Katherines, London, 1720.
image  click to enlarge
B162.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 65.162
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Millward and Dickinson 1737
source data:-   Road map, photocopy, diagram, A New and Correct Map of Roads of England, probably published by T Millward and B Dickinson, Inigo Jones's Head, Fleet Street, London, 1737.
"The Road from Carlisle to Berwick"
image  click to enlarge
MWD1Cm.jpg
item:-  private collection : 264
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old road book:- Morgan 1759
source data:-   MG01p071.txt
page 71 and 72 
From <i>Carlisle</i> to <i>Berwick.</i>
M. F.
Blakeford 2 6
Braken Hill 9 4
Netherherst 12 0
Lethel 16 4
Stonegarth 18 0
Kirksop River 18 6
Enter SCOTLAND
Castleton 24 4
Dunley Beir 26 0
Liddale River 29 7
Woolley 38 2
Jedburgh 46 6
Craline 50 0
Highton 55 0
Kelso 57 0
Ridam River 62 0
Enter Northumberland 63 0
Carram 63 3
Cornhill 67 0
Wessel 70 0
Orde 78 0
** Berwick 80 0
"On the Right of 38 is a Seat of Sir Gilbert Eliot, Bart."
"On the Left of 64 4 is Wark-Castle, which gave Title to the Lord Grey of Wark."
"On the Left of 70 is Tilsley-Hall, a Seat of the Family of that Name, near the River Till."
item:-  private collection : 368
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
item:-  road map; Correct Map of the Road from London to Carlisle; Road from Carlisle to Berwick
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, A Correct Map of the Road from London to Carlisle and The Road from Carlisle to Berwick, scale roughly 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Gibson, published in the Gentleman's Magazine, London, 1765-66.
image G766Map1, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1766 opp p.466 
image  click to enlarge
GB01.jpg
Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, A Correct Map of the Road from London to Carlisle and The Road from Carlisle to Berwick, scale roughly 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Gibson, published by the Gentleman's Magazine, London, 1765-66.  "..."
"The ROAD from CARLISLE to BERWICK."
"NB. The Distances are from the Royal Exchange."
Size: wxh, sheet = 31x20cm; wxh, map = 286x172mm; scale: 1 to 240000? estimate. 
Carlisle to Berwick - from Carlisle, Cumberland; across Kershope Burn near Kirkby Hill, and through Jedburgh, Kelso, Scotland; to Berwick, Northumberland. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Kitchin 1767 (plate 68) 
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, The Road from Carlisle to Berwick, in Kitchin's Post Chaise Companion, by Thomas Kitchin, published by Robert Sayer, 53 Fleet Street, John Bowles, Cornhill, and Carington Bowles, St Paul's Church Yard, London, 1767.
image  click to enlarge
K068.jpg
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA1999.138.68
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old strip map:- Jeffery 1775 (pl.67/Roads) 
source data:-   Strip map, road map, From Carlisle to Berwick, and an itinerary for Carlisle to Glasgow, by Thomas Jefferys, published by R Sayer and J Bennett, 53 Fleet Street, London, 1775.
image  click to enlarge
JEF6M4.jpg
Plate 67 in Jefferys's Itinerary or Travellers Companion. 
printed at plain cartouche, upper centre:-  "From CARLISLE to BERWICK. / Brakenhill 9½ / Castleton 24½ / Jedborough 26½ / Kelso 57½ / Carham 63½ / Cornhill 66¾ / Tweysil 70¼ / Berwick 80½"
printed at top:-  "67 / Publish'd as the Acts directs by R. Sayer &I. Bennett 16 Janry. 1775. / 67"
item:-  private collection : 271.4
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old strip map:- Geographia 1925
source data:-   Road book, with road strip maps and gradient diagrams, Premier Road Book of Great Britain, by Alexander Gross and F Waite-Browne, published by Geographia, 55 Fleet Street, London, about 1925?
image  click to enlarge
GE1103.jpg
"252. - CARLISLE TO BERWICK-ON-TWEED."
item:-  Hampshire Museums : B1990.161.4
Image © see bottom of page
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