Old Cumbria Gazetteer

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	roman fort, Burgh by Sands
	Aballava
site name:-	Hadrian's Wall
locality:-	Burgh by Sands
civil parish:-	Burgh by Sands (formerly Cumberland)
county:-	Cumbria
locality type:-	roman fort
locality type:-	roman fort
coordinates:-	NY32825912 (about)
1Km square:-	NY3259
10Km square:-	NY35
evidence:-	old map:- OS County Series (Cmd 15 12)  placename:-  Cabrosentum
source data:-	Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948. "CABROSENTUM (Site of)" at Burgh Head
evidence:-	probably old map:- Pennant 1777 placename:-  Axelodunum
source data:-	Map, hand coloured engraving, A Map of Scotland, Hebrides and Part of England, drawn for Thomas Pennant, engraved by J Bayly, published by Benjamin White, London, 1777.   click to enlarge PEN1Cm.jpg "Axelodunum" square; roman camp on Hadrian's Wall  item:-  private collection : 66 Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-	old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions)  placename:-  Brugh
source data:-	Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.   goto source Page 228, quoting Mr Horsley:-  "..." ""The name of BRUGH leads one to think of a station there. And when I was upon the spot I saw and heard such evidences as leave no room for doubt. The station has been a little to the east of the church, near what they called the old castle, where there are the manifest remains of its ramparts. On the west side these remains are most distinct, being about six chains in length. And Severus's wall seems to have formed the north rampart of the station. I was assured by the person to whom the field belonged, that stones were often plowed up in it, and lime with the stones. Urns have also frequently been found here. I saw, besides an imperfect inscription, two Roman altars lying a door in the town, but neither sculptures nor inscriptions are now visible upon them. I saw also a large stone coffin standing in the church yard, which has been dug up hereabouts not long ago. If, besides all this, we consider the distance from the last station at Stanwicks, I think it can admit of no doubt but there must have been a station here, though most of its ramparts are now leveled, the field having been in tillage many years. I shall only farther add, that it was very proper to have a station at each end of the marsh, which, if the water flowed as high as some believe, would at that time make a kind of bay; and then the station here, and the next at Drumbrugh castle, would be the more necessary.""
evidence:-	old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions)  placename:-  Axelodunum
source data:-	Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.   goto source Page 187:-  "..." "Burgh on Sands is supposed by Horsley to be Axelodunum. The station has been a little east of the church near what is called the Old Castle, where are manifest remains of its west rampart, six chains long, and Severus' wall seems to have formed the northernmost. Stones with lime are frequently plowed up there, and urns. ..."
evidence:-	text:- Rivet and Smith 1979 placename:-  Aballava placename:-  Avalana placename:-  Aballaba
source data:-	The roman fort at Burgh by Sands, Cumberland.

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