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Antonine Itinerary II, Cumbria
locality:-   Birrens
country:-   Scotland
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   roman road
locality type:-   route
locality type:-   antonine itinerary
locality:-   Richborough
county:-   Kent


image
CumIter.jpg  
The Antonine Itineraries are not a list of all routes of the period. They appear to be official routes for periodic tours of inspection, visiting particular centres in a planned order.
The itineries are a manuscript list of 225 routes in the Roman Empire made in the late 2nd or early 3rd century. Three of the routes cross Cumbria, iters 2, 5 and 10. The itineraries list places and the distance of each stage. The accessible lists are medieval copies; these are not completely accurate, neither in placenames nor in distances.

evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1695
source data:-   Itinerary, Antoninus's Itinerary through Britain, published by A Swale, The Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, and by A and J Churchil, The Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695.
image
CAM3It2.jpg
Itinerary, Antoninus's Itinerary through Britain, in Camden's Britannia, translated and expanded by Edmund Gibson, published by A Swale, The Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, and by A and J Churchil, The Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695. 
item:-  Armitt Library : A6588.4
Image © see bottom of page

notes:-  
The route through Cumbria is:-
place in iter place roman miles statute miles
Blatobulgo Birrens, Scotland
Castra Exploratorum Netherby 12 14
Luguvallo Carlisle 12 11
Voreda Old Penrith 13 14
Brovonacis Burwens / Kirkby Thore 13 14
Verteris Brough 13 13
Lavatris Bowes, Durham 14 14
continuing through York, Chester, St Albans, London, Canterbury, to Richborough.

Jones, Barri &Mattingley, David: 1990: Atlas of Roman Britain: Blackwell, Basil (Oxford, Oxfordshire):: ISBN 0 631 13791 2

place:-    roman fort, Birrens
 roman fort, Netherby
 Carlisle
 roman fort, Old Penrith
 roman fort, Burwens
 roman fort, Brough
 roman fort, Bowes

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