button to main menu  Clarke's Survey of the Lakes, 1787

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Page 5:-
and castle continued till the death of Anne Countess Dowager of Pembroke and Montgomery; her daughter Margaret being married to John Lord Tufton, brought the estate into the family of the present Earl of Thanet. After the death of Earl Thomas, his successor, Sackville Tufton, had a quarrel with his tenants abut their fines, upon which a trial at bar by a special jury was directed in the year 1739; during the trial, eleven witnesses were produced whose ages together amounted to a thousand years. A rare and pleasing instance of longevity; owing, no doubt, to the constant temperance, pure air, and healthful exercise in which our Cumbrian mountaineers uniformly live.
This Castle hath varied its strength and beauty almost as much as its possessors; for after the death of John Veteripont it went almost to ruin, his son Robert being a minor and in ward to the Prior of Carlisle. It was afterwards repaired by Roger de Clifford; and when King James the I. returned in the year 1617 from his last progress into Scotland, he was entertained at this Castle by Francis Earl of Cumberland. During the civil wars it was again demolished; but was repaired in the year 1671 by Anne Countess of Pembroke, who built a garden-wall on the South-East side of the building, as appears by a stone over the garden-door. The garden was afterwards planted with wood; and the stone, lead, and timber of this venerable edifice sold for L.100 to Mr John Monkhouse and Mr Adderton, two Attorneys [two Gentlemen] in Penrith, who afterwards sold them in public sales, and the first sale was upon the same day that his Majesty George the I. was crowned: the old wainscotting being chiefly purchased by the neighbouring villagers, many curious pieces of carved work are yet to be seen in their houses.
The estate was then almost wholly neglected, no one residing upon it but a hind, who took in cattle by * stint: he afterwards farmed it, together with Whinfield-Park, for L.40 per annum, and possessed it till the year 1767. The whole demesne was then a barren heath, stocked with vast numbers of rabbits, and a few deer; these supplied the farmer and his family almost entirely with food: during the Summer they ate venison, and during the Winter they ate the rabbits.
  Whinfield Park
Since the year 1767 Whinfield-Park has been divided into farms, and these again subdivided; the rabbits destroyed, and the deer circumscribed in narrower bounds; by which means the red deer are much diminished in number. Thus we see a spot of ground, formerly a barren heath, now become rich fruitful land; and what twenty years ago was not worth more than forty pounds a year †, now cheaply let for upwards of a thousand, and to add to its advantages, all tythe-free. This immunity was obtained in the year 1775, when as the act obtained for dividing Brougham Moor empowered the Commissioners at the same time to allot to the Rector certain lands in lieu of the tythes both of the new and old inclosures.
  Hospital Estate
Next to this lyes an estate called the Hospital, having been given by the Countess of Pembroke to her Hospital of St Nicholas at Appleby; the house stands on the left-hand side of the road, with a lane leading from it, and adjoining to this the Vicarage house.
  Carleton Hall
A little before we arrive at Brougham Hall is a beautiful view towards the North-East, where is a fine fertile valley almost surrounded by water. This peninsula consisted, till lately, of several small tenements, which were purchased by the late Attorney-General James Wallace, Esq; two small inclosures excepted, one of which is the property of the Earl of Lonsdale, and the other of Mr Richard Hall. It may not be amiss here
to
* Stint signifies, that the cattle taken into any particular spot of ground shall not exceed a certain number.
† The farmer at Brougham Castle had L.100 per annum added to his rent, and lost Whinfield-Park, yet his farm was cheaper than before; for a strong spirit of industry had much lessened the value of money, whilst the encouragement given to agriculture had at the same time much increased the value of land.
erratum from p.194
for two Attornies, read two Gentlemen.
gazetteer links
button -- "Brougham Castle" -- (Brougham Castle, Brougham (CL13inc)2)
button -- "Hospital Estate" -- Pembroke House
button -- "Whinfield Park" -- Whinfell Park
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