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start of Westmorland |
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Page 161:-
norum quo salute
republicae volum solvit libens merito [o].
In Brougham castle Francis; earl of Cumberland, entertained
James I. on his return from his last progress into Scotland
1617. Having been desolated in the civil wars it was
repaired by Anne countess of Pembroke 1615 and 1652, since
which it has been suffered to go to decay [p].
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Shap.
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Shap
Karl Lofts
Kemp Howe
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Shap, antiently written Heppe, is a long
village, with the ruins of the Premonstratensian priory
transferred from Preston in this county t. Henry II. valued
at £.154 [q], and its beautiful tower in a
sequestered vale half a mile off. At the S. end of the
village on a common near the road side is an area upwards of
half a mile long and between 20 and 30 yards broad, of small
stones, and parallel to the road begins a double row of
immense granites three or four yards diameter and 8 10 or 12
yards asunder, crossed at the end by another row; all placed
at some distance from each other. This alley extended within
memory above a mile quite through the village, since removed
to clear the ground. The space between the lines at the
south-east is 80 feet, but near Shap only 59, so that they
probably met at last in a point. At the upper end is a
circle of the like stones 18 feet diameter [r]. The ebbing
well is now lost, its effect being purely fortuitous, and
common in rocky countries [22].
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Shap Wells
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Opposite to Wasdale fort, but in the parish of Crosby
Ravensworth, by the side of the river Birkbeck, was
discovered some few years ago a spa, now known by the name
of Shap well, to which in summer is a considerable
resort. It is impregnated with sulphur and smells like
rotten eggs, and has been found serviceable in scorbutic
disorders [s].
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Bampton.
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Bampton
Gibson, Edmund
Britannia
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At High Knipe, in Bampton parish, was born
Thomas Gibson, M.D. physician general to the army, and
author of "a System of Anatomy," who married to his second
wife a daughter of Richard Cromwell the protector. There
also was born 1669 his nephew EDMUND GIBSON, D.D. bishop of
Lincoln and London, who had the honor of publishing a new
translation of Mr. Camden's BRITANNIA, with
considerable additions and improvements in successive
editions. He was educated at the freeschool founded at
Bampton 1623 by Dr. Thomas Sutton, another native, under Mr.
Jackson (who held it 44 years), and admitted 1686 of Queen's
college, Oxford. He began his literary career with
publishing 1691 in 4to. "Drummond's Polemo-Middiana," and
James V. of Scotland's "Cantilena Rustica," and in 1692 the
Saxon Chronical, and the Catalogue of the Tenison and
Dugdale MSS. In 1693 a correct edition of Quintilian, and in
1694, when he proceeded M.A. Somner's Roman Ports and Forts
in Kent, and his Portus Iccius illustratus. In 1695 he
entered into orders, and published, with the assistance of
his friends, a new translation of the BRITANNIA, with a
dedication to Lord Somers, who offered him a living of
£.200. a year in the isle of Tanet, which he declined
on account of health. In 1696 he was admitted library keeper
at Lambeth to archbishop Tenison, who took him into his
family, and in 1697 he was appointed morning preacher at
Lambeth, and prefixed to the "Catalogus Manuscriptorum in
Anglia & Hibernia," a Latin life of Bodley, and history
of his library. In 1698 he published "The posthumous works
of sir Henry Spelman, with his life," and was lecturer of
St. Martin's in the fields. He distinguished himself in
defence of the archbishop's rights as president of the
convocation, and had the degree of D.D. conferred on him by
the archbishop 1702, was preferred to the rectory of
Lambeth, to the precentorship and a residentiary place in
the church of Chichester, and 1710 to the archdeaconry of
Surry. In 1713 he published his "Codex juris Anglicani," and
in 1716 was promoted to the see of Lincoln, and 1723
translated to London. His close application to study and
business of various kinds brought on a decay which
terminated his life at Bath Sept. 6, 1748, in the 79th year
of his age, having lived to publish a second edition of
Britannia, enlarged to two volumes 1722. He was interred at
Fulham with no other inscription over him than
"Edmund Gibson, lord bishop of London [t]."
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Lowther.
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Lowther
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Olaus Wormius [u] consulted by Spelman finds Loder or
Lother a common name among the antient kings of
Denmark, and derives it from Loth and Er, q.d.
fortunate honor. The name of Lothair is also
frequent among the German emperors. Perhaps however both the
name and seat of Lowther here, as Lauder in Scotland,
are to be derived from the neighbouring river, which in
British signifies clear water, Gladdwr. This river
springs in Wet Sleddale in Shap parish, and runs along by
that abbey, Rosgill hall, through Bampton, by Askham and
Lowther halls, Clifton hall, Round table, and at Brougham
castle falls into the Emot, where it loses its name, and is
carried with that river into Eden [x]. The family have
figured here for many generations from the time of Henry II.
Sir John Lowther, who was keeper of the privy seal and one
of the lords justices during the absence of William III.
1699, was advanced 1696 to the dignity of baron Lowther
viscount Lonsdale, which became extinct in his grandson. The
first viscount built here 1685 a handsome house (which was
burnt down 1720), and rebuilt and furnished the church.
Christopher, another branch of this family, was created a
baronet 11 Charles I. which honour ended in his grandson
James, who died immensely rich 1755, and in the title of
baronet and the estate was succeeded by James Lowther, a
descendant from one common ancestor, and created earl of
Lonsdale 1784 [y].
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Arthur's Round Table
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"Within a mile of Perith, but in Westmoreland, is a ruin, as
some suppose of a castle, within a flite shot of Loder, and
as much of Emot water, standing almost as a mediamnis
between them. The ruine is of some called the Round
table, and of some Arthur's castel. A mile lower
meteth Loder and Emot at Burgham castle [z]."
A little before the Loder joins the Emot, just beyound
Yeoman's or Eamont bridge over the latter, it
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[o]
Horsl. 208.
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[p]
Burn, I. 358.
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[q]
Tan. 588.
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[r]
Pennant, 1769. 258. Stukeley, Abury. Burn, I. 477. West's
Guide to the Lakes, p.181. West says 'the range leads to
circles of small stones, and encreases the space between the
rows as they approach the circles where the avenue is about
27 paces wide.
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[22]
G.
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[s]
Burn, I. 481. West Ib. 182.
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[t]
Burn, I. 463, 464.
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[u]
Mon. Dan. p.192.
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[x]
Burn, I. 428.
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[y]
G. Baronet. II. 308. Burn, 428-440.
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[z]
Lel. VII. 63.
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passes
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gazetteer links
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-- Arthur's Round Table
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-- "Brougham Castle" -- Brougham Castle
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-- "High Knipe" -- High Knipe
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-- Karl Lofts
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-- Lowther
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-- Lowther, River
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-- "Brocavum" -- Brocavum
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-- Shap Abbey
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-- "Shap" -- Shap
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-- Spa Well
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-- Tiding Well
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