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start of Westmorland |
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Page 156:-
near 50 years to his death Nov. 20, 1785. Here is a market
granted by Edward I. and confirmed by Oliver Cromwell 1655,
who, 1678, granted two fairs. Behind Orton Scarr, which is
famed for dotterels, on a large tract of naked rocks in a
solitary place, is a place called Castle folds,
strongly walled about, and containing about one acre and a
half, to shelter cattle in case of inroads, and at the
highest corner has been a fort for the keepers. Near
Raisgill hill is a tumulus in a regular circle near
100 yards in circumference, about three high, composed of
loose stones, and covering a large stone, supported by one
other on each side, and under it a human skeleton, with the
bones of several others round about [y].
A little above Rownthwait on the north side of
Jeffery mount is a small spring called
Gondsike, which continually casts up small silver
like pieces of spangles [10]. In the mosses here abouts are
dug up subterraneous trees. [11].
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Tebay.
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Tebay
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At Tebay is a freeschool, endowed 1672 by Mr. Robert
Adamson, who was born at Rownthwait [z], and was
likewise a benefactor to the church at Orton, and near it a
mount called Castle how, with a trench thrown up to
check the inroads of the Scots; as was another of the same
name at Greenholm; both which mounts commanded the
two great roads [a]. Green mount is the name of a
fort in Lowth [b]. See also the Green lanes a Roman
road in Lancashire and Middlesex. At Greenholm a school was
founded by George Gibson, gent. 1733, who died in the same
year [c].
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Eden r.
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Eden, River
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The river Eden rises in this county at Morvill
Hugh-seat or Hugh Morvill's hill from one of that
name lord of Westmorland [d]. This is a large round hill,
where Anne countess of Pembroke erected a stone pillar, and
on one of the stones is this inscription: A.P. 1664 [e].
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Pendragon castle.
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Pendragon Castle
Clifford, Lady Anne
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Pendragon castle belonged to the Cliffords from the
beginning of Edward II. and now again reduced to bare walls,
four yards thick and embattled, was rebuilt 1660 by Ann
Clifford countess dowager of Pembroke, Dorset, and
Montgomery, with three other antient seats of her ancestors
in this county; in which she kept up the antient hospitality
by removing from one to the other, and diffused her charity
all over the county [f]. Over the entrance of the castle is
this inscription:
"This Pendragon castle was repaired by the lady Anne
Clifford, countesse dowager of Pembroke, Dorsett, and
Montgomerie, baronesse Clifford, Westmerland, and Vescie,
high sheriffesse by inheritance of the county of
Westmerland, and lady of the honour of Skepton in Craven in
the year 1660; so as she came to lye in it herself for a
little while in October 1661, after it had layen ruinus
without timber or any covering, ever since the year 1541.
Isiah, chap.lviii. ver.12."
"God's name be praised."
She built also the bridge over the Eden nigh the castle, and
repaired the chapel 1663 after it had lain waste and ruinous
some 50 or 60 years, endowing it with lands in Cawtley near
Sedberg, to the yearly value of £.11. per
annum for ever, and in 1714 it was augmented with queen
Anne's bounty. The castle was demolished by Thomas earl of
Thanet about 1685. It is washed on the east by the Eden, and
on the other side are great trenches, as if its founder
meant to draw the water round it. But tradition says the
attempt failed; and, according to the old provincial rhyme,
Let Pendragon do what he can,
Eden will run where Eden ran [12].
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Wharton house.
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Wharton Hall
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Wharton house has been the seat of its family from
the reign of Edward I.; and they have been lords of Croglin
hall in Cumberland, and patrons of that rectory above 400
years [g]. Thomas was created a baron by Henry VIII. for his
surprising conduct and success in the entire defeat of the
Scots at Solom moss; which victory in all its circumstances
was perhaps one of the most considerable the English ever
gained over the forces of the neighbouring kingdom. Edward
VI. in recompence of that eminent service granted this lord
an augmentation of his paternal coat, a border engrailed O.
charged with legs of lions in saltire G. armed Az. [h]. He
died 1568, and was buried in the church of Kirkby Stephen,
where is a monument to him and his two wives. He was
succeeded by his son Thomas, who died 1572, had for
successor his son Philip, who dying 1625, and was succeeded
by his grandson Philip, son of sir Thomas, who died in his
father's life-time [i]. Philip died and was succeeded by his
son Thomas, who was advanced to the honour of viscount
Winchedon and earl of Wharton, and afterwards marquis of
Wharton, and died 1715. His only son and successor was
created duke of Wharton, and died 1731 [13].
The village of Wharton was demolished long ago to make room
for the park, and the hall is now desolate and in ruins [k].
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Kirkby Stephen.
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Kirkby Stephen
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Kirkby Stephen is a considerable market-town, where
the stockings made in and near it are sold. Here is a
freeschool, founded by Thomas first lord Wharton in the
reign of Elizabeth [l].
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Musgrave.
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Great Musgrave
Little Musgrave
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The villages of Great and Little Musgrave may
seem rather to derive their name from the family, their name
being taken from their office Musgrave or
Mosgreve equivalent to Warden of the Marches,
which office they held, and not improbably the same with
Markgrave [14]. They are as old here as Peter
Musgrave in the reign of Stephen. Richard Musgrave his
lineal descendant was created knight of the bath, and a
baronet by James I. His son Philip distinguished himself on
the king's side in the civil war, and defended the Isle of
Man for the countess of Derby, and, at the Restoration, had
a warrant for creating him baron Musgrave of Hartley castle,
but never took out the patent. The present baronet Philip is
the 5th in lineal descent from him. The family burial-place
is at Eden-hall, repaired and beautified by sir Richard
Musgrave the 1st baronet, who died and was buried at Naples
13 James I. [m] The late sir Christopher Musgrave in a great
measure demolished the noble pile, and employed the
materials on his seat at Eden-hall [n].
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[y]
Burn, I. 481-492.
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[10]
G.
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[11]
G.
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[z]
Ib. 485. G.
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[a]
G. Burn, I. 491. 493.
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[b]
Wright, I. xxi. Se Green castle in this county,
p.159.
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[c]
G. Burn, 485.
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[d]
G. See before, p.150.
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[e]
Burn, I. 561.
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[f]
See her portrait in Pennant's tour, 1772, p.358. pl.XLIV.
See also before p.41.
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[12]
G.
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[g]
Reg. Halton ep. Carl. p.154.
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[h]
See before, p.48.
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[i]
Dugd. II. 38.
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[13]
G.
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[k]
Burn, I. 558-561.
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[l]
G. Burn, I. 542. Gent. Mag. XXIV. 230, 1754.
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[14]
G.
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[m]
Burn, I. 590-599.
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[n]
Ib. 544-547.
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Winton
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gazetteer links
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-- "Castle Folds" -- Castle Folds
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-- "Orton Scarr" -- Orton Scar
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-- "Orton" -- Orton
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next page |
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