Leigh 1830 map

---

		back to object record
		MAP FEATURES
	title	Printed lower left:- A NEW MAP OF THE LAKES, in WESTMORELAND CUMBERLAND &c. The map has lost its bottom edge, which may have had map maker and engraver information.
	orientation compass rose up is N	Printed upper left is a compass rose; no circle, star points for cardinal, and lines for half cardinal directions, North marked by a fleur de lys, South marked by an arrow. The map is printed with North at the top of the sheet.
	scale line scale	Printed lower left below the title is a scale line of:- Statute Miles divided and labelled in miles. The 8 miles = 51.3 mm gives a scale 1 to 250970. The map scale is about:- 1 to 250000 4 miles to 1 inch
	lat and long lat and long scales	The border lines have labelled marks at 5 minute intervals, scales of latitude and longitude, for a trapezoidal projection. The map includes from about 2d 17m to 3d 6m W, from 53d 59m to 55d 9m N; most of Westmorland and Cumberland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, and a little bit of Yorkshire, etc.
	sea area sea plain	The sea area is plain, with some areas labelled, eg:- SOLWAY FIRTH IRISH SEA Wampool Bay
	coast line coast tinted headlands harbours sands lighthouses	The coast line is emphasised by a blue tint (now faded to a shade of green). Some headlands are labelled, eg:- Grune Point St. Bees Head Some harbours are noticed, eg:- Harrington Harb. and others are recognisable, for example at Whitehaven. Foreshore sands are not marked, but notice the sands roads across Kent, Leven, and Duddon Estuaries. One area is labelled:- Lancaster Sands A tower of St Bees Head is labelled:- Light House and at the south tip of Walney Island is:- Light Ho.
	rivers bridges	Rivers are drawn by wiggly line tapering upstream. Many rivers and tributaries are shown, some labelled, eg:- R. Derwent Caldew R. A broad stream, the Leven out of Windermere for instance, might be drawn by wider with a grey line. A waterfall might be labelled, eg:- Colwith Force Low Dore Waterfall Bridges are implied where a road crosses and interrupts a stream. Some are labelled, eg:- Newby Bridge Pooley Br. Bowdray Bridge South of Alston a waterfall is marked by two lines across the stream, labelled:- Waterfall and some other falls are named, eg:- Scale Force Colwith Force
	lakes	Lakes are drawn in outline, larger lakes tinted blue, others with the area pecked. Some are labelled:- Bassenthwaite W. [blue] Brothers Water Buttermere Wr. [blue] Coniston Water [blue] Crummock Water [blue] Derwent Water [blue] Eastwaite Water [blue] Elter Water [blue] Ennerdale Wr. [blue] Grasmere Lake [blue] Hawes W. [blue] Kent Mere Tarn [blue] Kings Water [NE of Brampton] Lowes W. [blue] Over Water [SW of Uldale] Sparkling Tarn Sunbiggin Tarn Talkin Tarn Thirle Water [blue] ULLES WATER [blue] Wast Water [blue] WINDERMERE [blue] others might be recognised, eg:- decoy pond [Lowther] Rydal Water [run into Grasmere] Skeggles Water Whinfell Tarn (?) etc.
	relief hill hachuring	Relief is indicated by hill hachuring. Some hills are labelled, eg:- Pillar Saddleback Cross Fell Sca Fell Cold Peak A valley might be labelled, eg:- Sleddale [Wet Sleddale] While bigger hills are more heavily hachured, giving some sense of size, the overall effect suggests hilliness in the central Lake District and the Pennines, and no more.
	beacons	At least to beacons are noticed. On the hill north of Penrith is a drawing of a tower, labelled:- Beacon and on the south side of Thackmoor Fell, NE of Kirk Oswald, is:- Daffenside Beacon
	forests	Woodland is not indicated, but some forest areas are labelled, eg:- Westward Forest NICHOL FOREST
	parks	Some parks are drawn in outline, with fence palings. Where another feature, perhaps a river, is the boundary the fence palings are not shown. The park might be labelled, or named by a great house, eg:- Gowbarrow P. High Park Brougham Hall
	county	County boundaries are a fine dotted line, except where another feature is used, a river perhaps. Each county has a tint along the inside of its boundary; Westmorland red, Cumberland yellow, Northumberland green, Yorkshire yellow, Lancashire green. The county areas are labelled, eg:- WESTMORELAND CUMBERLANDCOMMENT3 The northern tip of Cumberland, and the eastern parts of Westmorland are cut off from this map of the lakes area; this is not a county map. Notice the hill on the county boundary WNW of Alston called:- Meerlaw Hill
	settlements town walls	Settlements are marked by blocks or groups of blocks, perhaps a cross (+) for a church, differentiated by style of labelling.
	cities	group of blocks; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- CARLISLE The town wall is clearly shown here.
	towns	groups of blocks, perhaps a cross; labelled in italic block caps, eg:- PENRITH AMBLESIDE ORTON but notice:- KENDAL APPLEBY in upright caps as the de facto and de jure county towns. The blocks and roads might be arranged as a street plan, as at Kendal and Penrith. Some of the places shown as towns might not have been market towns?
	villages	blocks, perhaps a cross; labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:- Bampton Gt. Asby Natland
	hamlets	block or blocks, perhaps a cross which does not necessarily mean a parish; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:- Docker Stockdale Knip
		The interpretation as city, town, village, hamlet, is uncertain. The last style of lettering is used generally for various features on the map.
	roads sands roads	A network of roads is drawn by double line, bold light, some tinted red, and by single line. The sands roads are drawn by a dotted line, with red tint. From Hest Bank to Kents Bank across Lancaster Sands; and the:- Guides House labelled just up the coast. Across the Leven Sands; and on the Ulverston coast is:- Carters House
	canals	Canals are drawn by triple line, light bold light. The following canals are shown:-
	Ulverston Canal	from near Ulverston to the coast.
	Lancaster Canal	from south of Lancaster, close round the city, to Kendal. And branches: from about Borwick, to Walton; and from Galgate to the Lune Estuary.
	miscellaneous
	mines coal mines lead mines	SE of Hornby, Lancashire, is a label:- Coal Pits On the west side of Derwent Water is:- Lead Mine
	quarries slate quarries	At the head of the Troutbeck Valley is:- Slate Quarry which could be the quarry in Kentmere Valley? And south of Skelwith is:- Flag Quarry
	inns	Some inns are noticed, eg:- Greyhound [Shap] Royal Oak [NE of Caldbeck] Castle Inn [near Armathwaite Hall]
	stones	Some stones are labelled, eg:- Dunmail Raise Stones Bowderstone Hollin Stone [? SE of Bampton]
	caves	Notice:- Douk Cave on Ingleborough.
	crosses	A cross symbol NE of Melmerby is labelled:- Hartside Cross And a pillar is drawn labelled:- Kemings Cross in Northumberland.
	antiquities stone circles	A circle marks the Castlerigg Stone Circle, labelled:- Druids Circle And:- Arthurs Round Table is labelled.
	antiquities roman sites roman forts roman roads roman wall	Hadrian's Wall is marked by a broad grey line, shaded at the bottom, from Bowness, past Carlisle and eastward into Northumberland. A tower with a flag, south of Kirkandrews is labelled:- Roman Fort There are square symbols with four wings, which remind of another map's symbols for forts, labelled:- Whitley [NW of Alston] Magna Greenwheel [NW of Haltwhistle] A roman road:- Maiden way is drawn from Milburn Grange near Kirkby Thore, across Cross Fell to near Alston. There are place names in Latin, eg:- Gallatum [S of Kirkby Thore] Voreda [N of Plumpton Wall]

---

   Lakes Guides menu.

---