Old Cumbria Gazetteer - St Andrew, Dacre

St Andrew, Dacre

St Andrew's Church

Dacre Church

locality:-

Dacre

civil parish:-

Dacre (formerly Cumberland)

county:-

Cumbria

locality type:-

church

coordinates:-

NY45992663

1Km square:-

NY4526

10Km square:-

NY42

references:-

: 2005: Diocese of Carlisle, Directory 2004/5

BJW85.jpg (taken 30.9.2005)
photograph

BJW90.jpg (taken 30.9.2005)

evidence:-

old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions)
item:- coat of arms

source data:-

Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.

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Page 188:- "..."
"... The church [Dacre] is said to have been erected by the Dacres, instead of a mean one half a mile distant, which probably belonged to the monastery. In the chancel is a cross-legged knight in stone, and the windows are full of the arms of Dacre, single and quartering Vipont and Clifford."

evidence:-

old text:- Gents Mag
item:- Dacre Bears

source data:-

Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.

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Gentleman's Magazine 1795 p.1077 "Dec. 30."
"Mr. URBAN, I CANNOT help regretting that your excellent correspondent W.M. p.985, has not expressed himself more clearly, by his pencil I mean, respecting the lynxes on the shoulder of two of the Dacre bears. I will allow the editors of the new History of Cumberland to see any thing any where; but, as I cannot see with their eyes, I do not see in W.M.'s drawings any thing like the lynxes, or the paw cast behind one of the bears to rid himself thereof. The bear may have been the badge or cognizance of the Dacre family as successors to that of D'Estrivers: whether the ragged staff was connected with the bear in this instance as with the family of the"

evidence:-

old text:- Gents Mag 1795

source data:-

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Gentleman's Magazine 1795 p.1078 "earls of Leicester, on their monuments in the beautiful Beachamp chapel at Warwick, is another question; but, if it was, it may be doubted whether what is mistaken for the lynx be not the jagged branch, part of the ragged staff or pillar against which the bears lean, which without it would be smoother than the ragged staff is generally represented by Virgil's stipes gravidus nodis, AEn. VII. 507, and the nodosus stipes of Ovid, Ep. X. 101."

evidence:-

old text:- Gents Mag
item:- Dacre Bears

source data:-

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Gentleman's Magazine 1795 opp p.985

click to enlarge
G795E01.jpg

evidence:-

old text:- Gents Mag 1795

source data:-

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Gentleman's Magazine 1795 p.985 "Sproxton, July 30."
"Mr. URBAN,"
"THE Editors of the History of Cumberland, rather to my surprize,have not favoured the publick with drawings of the four pillars in Dacre church-yard; I therefore send you sketches of them taken in the summer of 1795. (see Plate I. fig. 2, 3, 4, 5.) My own remarks nearly agree with the following description they give us:"
""In Dacre church-yard are four remarkable monuments, being the figures of bears, about five feet in height, sitting on their haunches, and clasping a rude pillar, or ragged staff, on which two of the figures rest their heads; the other two carry on their backs the figures of a lynx; one is in the attitude of attempting to rid himself of the animal on his shoulders, with his head twisted, and paw cast behind him. They are placed on a square, two to the East of the church, and two to the West.""
"Afterwards follows a quotation from Bishop Nicolson, the same as copied by Burn in 1777."
""That these look like some of the achievements of the honourable family that so long resided at the neighbouring castle, which has since been illustrated by a very worthy descendant of the family, on account of their claim to the hereditary forestership of Inglewood forest: and the more so as one sees these jagged branches over and over introduced in the chapel of Naworth castle, which is so rich with arms and cognizances; and where this jagged branch is, in some places, even thrown across the Dacre's arms fess-wise. Ranulph de Meschines, lord of Cumberland, granted this office of Forester to Robert D'Estrivers, lord of Burgh upon Sands, in fee; his arms were Argent, three bears Sable. The heiress D'Estrivers married Engain; the heiress of Engain married Morvil; the heiress of Morvil married Multon; and Dacre married the heiress of Multon, and by her had the same right as the others to the forestership of Inglewood; which was so honourable, and gave so great command, that there is no wonder the family should wish, by every means, to set forth their claim to it, and, amongst others, by cognizances taken in allusion thereto, especially as the Crown, about this time, seems to have interfered with them, in regard to this right. Surely nothing could be more naturally adapted to this idea than this Bear, which was the arms of their ancestor, the first grantee of office. The branch of a tree, which seems so very allusive to forests and woods, agrees with the same notion: and it is not improbable but this might be originally a badge used by Robert D'Estrivers himself, and that he chose the bears in his arms, because they were inhabitants of forests.""
"The Editors remark, that in the old town-house walls at Penrith (burnt down, I think, in 1770) bears and ragged staves were represented."

evidence:-

old text:- Gents Mag 1795

source data:-

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Gentleman's Magazine 1795 p.986 "..."
"I should wish to know from any of your correspondents, Mr. Urban, whether anything like these pillars occurs in church-yards in other parts of the kingdom; and what is the most general opinion respecting them."
"W. M."

evidence:-

descriptive text:- Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843)
item:- bear; Dacre Bears

source data:-

Guide book, A Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by Rev William Ford, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, by W Edwards, 12 Ave Maria Lane, Charles Tilt, Fleet Street, William Smith, 113 Fleet Street, London, by Currie and Bowman, Newcastle, by Bancks and Co, Manchester, by Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, and by Sinclair, Dumfries, 1839.

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Page 142:- "..."
"... The church is a neat stone fabric dedicated to St. Andrew; it contains several monuments of the Hasell family; and on the north side of the altar-table is the effigy of a knight in armour. In the churchyard are four remarkable monuments, being the figures of bears, about five feet in height, sitting on their haunches, and clasping a rude pillar."

evidence:-

old map:- Garnett 1850s-60s H

source data:-

Map of the English Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.

GAR2NY42.jpg
cross, a church
item:- JandMN : 82.1
Image © see bottom of page

evidence:-

old map:- Nurse 1918

source data:-

Map, The Diocese of Carlisle, Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Rev Euston J Nurse, published by Charles Thurnam and Sons, 11 English Street, Carlisle, Cumberland, 2nd edn 1939.

NUR1NY42.jpg
"DACRE"
item:- JandMN : 27
Image © see bottom of page

stained glass

evidence:-

database:- Listed Buildings 2010
placename:- Church of St Andrew

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"CHURCH OF ST ANDREW / / / DACRE / EDEN / CUMBRIA / I / 73747 / NY4600726642"

source data:-

courtesy of English Heritage
"Parish Church. C12 with C13 additions,and restorations of 1810 and 1875. Red sandstone rubble walls with string course, the aisles of longer blocks of pink sandstone with buttresses and C19 red sandstone battlemented parapets. Graduated greenslate roof with coped gables and cross finial. 3-storey square west tower; 3-bay nave with aisles; 3-bay chancel with north vestry. Tower has inscription over entrance STEEPLE REBUILT 1810 (with names of churchwardens). Over the west door is the reused head of a C13 2-light small window. 2-light bell openings under battlemented parapet with angle spouts. Nave has 2-light clerestory windows. South aisle has C13 doorway at left, the engaged columns removed and stonework above showing porch recess. C19 restored segmental- headed 2-light windows. North aisle has blocked C13 doorway and C19 restored 2-light windows. Chancel retains all of its C12 narrow round-headed windows and priest's doorway; one C13 inserted window. C19 3-light east window. C19 vestry has reused medieval stonework in tracery of its 2-light window. Interior has plain C12 round-headed tower arch. 4-bay aisles have pointed arches on octagonal and round piers. C17 open timber roof. Aisles have various C19 brass and white marble wall plaques. Door lock on C19 south door is inscribed and dated AP 1671 (given by Anne, Countess of Pembroke). C19 chancel arch. On a window sill is a fragment of a zigzag arch stone, probably from the original chancel arch. Chancel has C12 piscina. C18 and C19 wall plaques to members of the Hasell family of Dalemain; one to Edward Hasell by Chantrey 1830, a mourning female figure beside an urn. Red sandstone effigy of a knight, thought to be one of the Lords Dacre of nearby Dacre Castle. Step to vestry is reused medieval graveslab. Fragments of C9 and C10 carved cross shafts, are thought to have come from the nearby monastery mentioned by Bede and excavated 1982-85. C19 and C20 stained glass, some by Clayton and Bell. Late C17 altar rail on twisted balusters. See Phillipa J.F. Smith, A Short History of Dacre Parish Church, undated."

evidence:-