button to main menu  Old Cumbria Gazetteer
roman fort, Bewcastle
Fanum Cocidi
locality:-   Bewcastle
civil parish:-   Bewcastle (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   roman fort
coordinates:-   NY56527462 (etc) 
1Km square:-   NY5674
10Km square:-   NY57
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Cmd 8 6) 
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
"ROMAN STATION"
evidence:-   old text:- Pennant 1773
placename:-  Apiatorium
item:-  inscription, roman; roman inscription
source data:-   Book, A Tour from Downing to Alston Moor, 1773, by Thomas Pennant, published by Edward Harding, 98 Pall Mall, London, 1801.
image PEN6p181, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 181  "Beucastle had been a Roman station, and garrisoned by part of the Legio Secunda Augusta; the other part of which lay at Netherby; and both intended to cover the workmen employed in building the famous Wall. Many vestiges still are to be seen. An extensive ditch and rampart surround the church and castle, and between the church and public-house are remains of several buildings. Some inscriptions have been met with on the spot, one addressed to Hadrian the founder of the Wall; and many coins have been dug up at this place. Mr. Horsely conjectures, from an inscription which he supposes to have been brought from hence, that its ancient name is Apiatorium."
evidence:-   old map:- Pennant 1777
placename:-  Apiatorium
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A Map of Scotland, Hebrides and Part of England, drawn for Thomas Pennant, engraved by J Bayly, published by Benjamin White, London, 1777.
image  click to enlarge
PEN1Cm.jpg
"APIATORIUM / Beaucastle"
circle; buildings, village, etc 
item:-  private collection : 66
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Apiatorum
item:-  roman inscription; inscription, roman
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P200, button  goto source
Page 200:-  "..."
"Here [Bew Castle] was probably the Roman station APIATORIUM mentioned in an inscription found in Northumberland and now in the library at Durham, Pl.VII. fig.8. the Maiden way leading to it. The inscription which Mr. Camden saw in the church seems to be at Naworth. There is another serving also as a head-stone to a grave, at the bottom of which it was found. See Pl.XI. fig.10."
"... CAES TA...
.........
... G II AVG ET XXV...
... II CNC IR...
... V... PR PR"
"Perhaps,"
"Imp. Caes. Trajan.
Hadriano Aug.
Leg. II. Aug. et XX V. V.
Sub Licinio Prisco
Leg. Aug. Pr. Pr."
"or the last two lines,"
"Ob. Vic. No. Pr. Lic.
ML. Aug. PR. PR."
"erected by the Legio 2da Aug. in honour of Adrian, whose wall while building they might cover. Mr. Horsley was told of another, which had the word Templum distinct, but was broken and lost. Both the church and castle are surrounded by a dike and foss."
evidence:-   text:- Rivet and Smith 1979
placename:-  Fanum Cocidi
placename:-  Fanocodi
placename:-  Fanococidi
source data:-   Birley, E: 1961: Research on Hadrian's Wall: (Kendal)Probably the roman fort at Bewcastle, Cumberland. 
evidence:-   old map:- Horsley 1732
placename:-  Apiatrum
placename:-  Beaucastle
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Britannia Antiqua, roman Britain, scale about 50 miles to 1 inch, by John Horsley, perhaps 1732, edition published about 1869?
image  click to enlarge
HOR1Cm.jpg
"Apiatrum / Beaucastle"
item:-  JandMN : 429
Image © see bottom of page
hearsay:-  
 Listed Buildings include 'Banna' at Bewcastle, The Old Rectory:-
"BANNA / / / BEWCASTLE / CARLISLE / CUMBRIA / II / 78128 / NY5654374525"
"House formerly rectory.1837. ... Within the ditch of the Roman Fort of Banna, hence the name."
button to lakes menu  Lakes Guides menu.