Old Cumbria Gazetteer

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	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	other name:-	Caulder Abbey
	parish	St Bridget Beckermet parish, once in Cumberland
	county:-	Cumbria
		abbey; religious house
	coordinates:-	NY05200647
	10Km square:-	NY00
	1Km square	NY0506
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 27.2.2008
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 27.2.2008
	old map:-	OS County Series (Cmd 73 13)
		County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
		religious house
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late; 1890s
	old map:-	OS County Series (Cmd 78 1)
		County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
		Gateway
		on the footpath along the river, 1/4 mile before the abbey
		gateway
	coordinates:-	NY04940618
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late; 1890s
	old print:-	Bradley 1901
		Print, uncoloured lithograph, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by Joseph Pennell, published by Macmillan and Co, London, 1901.
		On page 173 of Highways and Byways in the Lake District, by A G Bradley.
		printed at lower right:-
		Joseph Pennell
		printed at bottom:-
		Calder Abbey.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1901
	period:-	1900s
	old photograph:-	Bell 1880s-1940s
		Photograph, black and white, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by Herbert Bell, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1890s.
		stamped at reverse:-
		HERBERT BELL / Photographer / AMBLESIDE
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	old photograph:-	Bell 1880s-1940s
		Photograph, sepia, entrance to the chapter house, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by Herbert Bell, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1890s.
		internegative at lower left:-
		H. Bell
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	old photograph:-	Bell 1880s-1940s
		Photograph, sepia, the choir from the east, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by Herbert Bell, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1890s.
		internegative at lower right:-
		H. Bell
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	old photograph:-	Bell 1880s-1940s
		Photograph, sepia, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by Herbert Bell, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1890s.
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	old photograph:-	Bell 1880s-1940s
		Photograph, sepia, west door, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by Herbert Bell, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1890s.
		internegative at lower left:-
		H. Bell
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	source:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Page 122:-
		... It is a mile to the Abbey, through the churchyard, and along the bank of the Calder, ... The ruins are presently seen, springing sheer from the greenest turf. Relics from the abbey are now placed beside the way; and the modern house appears at hand. The ruins should be approached from the front, so that the lofty pointed arches may best disclose the long perspective behind of grassy lawn and sombre woods. The Abbey is built of red sandstone of the neighbourhood, now sobered down by time (it was founded in A.D. 1134.) into the richest
		Page 123:-
		and softest tint that the eye could desire. But little is known of it beyond its date and the name of its founder, Ranulph, son of the first Ranulph de Meschines, a Norman noble. The church was small, as the scanty remains show; and the monastery, which now looks like a continuation of the same building, could not have contained a numerous company. From the fragments of effigies preserved, it appears that some eminent persons were buried here; but who these knights and nobles were, there is no record that can tell,- carefully as these memorials were wrought to secure the immortality of this world. The eye is first fixed by the remains of the tower, from whose roofless summit dangles the tufted ivy, and whose base is embossed by the small lilac blossoms of the antirrhirom (sic); but at last the great charm is found in the aisle of clustered pillars. Almost the whole aisle is standing, still connected by the cornice and wall which supported the roof. The honeysuckle and ivy climb till they fall over on the other side. There is a sombre corner where the great ash grows over towards the tower, making a sort of tent in the recess. There are niches and damp cells in the conventual range. It is a small ruin, but thoroughly beautiful: and when the stranger looks and listens, as he stands in the green level between woods, he will feel how well the old monks knew how to choose their dwelling-places, and what it must have been to the earnest and pious among these Cistercians to pace their river bank, and to attune their thoughts to the unceasing music of the Calder flowing by. In the broad noon it is a fine thing to see the
		Page 124:-
		shadows flung, short and sharp, on the sward, and to catch the burnish of the ivy, and woo the shade of the avenue: and in the evening, it is charming to see how the last glow in the west brings out the projections and recesses of the ruins, and how the golden moon hangs over the eastern mass of tree tops, ready to take her turn in disclosing the beauties of the monastic retreat.
		The Abbey is carefully preserved, and liberally laid open to strangers by Capt. Irwin. It is no fault of his that his house, a plain substantial modern dwelling, stands too near the ruins. He did not build it; so there is nothing personal in the natural wish of strangers that it stood somewhere else.
	person:-	: Meschines, Ranulph de
	person:-	: Irwin, Captain
	person:-	: Cistercian Order
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s
	old map:-	Garnett 1850s-60s H
		Map of the English Lakes, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
		Calder Abbey
		block, building
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1850=1869
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s; 1860s
	old map:-	Ford 1839 map
		Map of the Lake District, published in A Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, 1839.
		Calder Abbey
		Building symbol and park.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	descriptive text:-	Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843)
		Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, et al, 1839; published 1839-52.
		... Even the religious enthusiasm of monachism scarcely advanced within the shadow of the mountains, much less penetrated into their secluded dales. Furness, Calder, St. Bees, and Holme Cultram abbeys, are all in the open country. For a long period, indeed, the population must either have been extremely small, or their religious interests neglect-
		Page xi:-
		[neglect]ed; perhaps both might be the case. ...
		Page 73:-
		...
		CALDER ABBEY.
		On the north side of the river, about a mile above the bridge, stand the sequestered ruins of the
		Page 74:-
		Abbey; ... From the Bridge Inn there is a sweetly-wooded walk along the banks of the stream, which presents several glimpses of the solemn ruins, the tower rising magnificently out of the massy foliage of the forest trees, by which it is now enveloped. Ranulph, son of the first Ranulph de Meschiens, founded this Abbey for Cisterican (sic) monks in 1134; its revenues at the dissolution amounted only to £64 3s. 9. None of the conventual buildings remain; Mr. Irwin's house most probably stands upon their site. The church was of the usual cross form. The south side of the nave is gone. The west door is good Norman, but plain. The nave consists of five arches in length, pointed, and the mouldings flat: all this part is richly covered with ivy. The centre tower stands on four pointed arches, supported by lofty piers. The east end of the choir is gone; it has had no lateral lights, but the walls are adorned with long slender pillars and niches; and on the south side are four circular niches, foliated, one being pierced as a door. There are the remains of cloisters on the south side, sufficient to show them to have been beautiful specimens of early English. There are some old monuments with recumbent figures. The grounds are kept in excellent order; the greensward is beautiful; and no noxious weeds are allowed to disfigure the precincts of this once-hallowed shrine.
		Page 171:-
		...
		Calder Bridge ... A beautiful walk up the river leads to Calder Abbey, a fine specimen of Norman and early English architecture.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	person:-	: Meschines, Ranulph de
	person:-	: Cistercian Order
	event:-	: Dissolution, The
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	old print:-	Otley 1823 (8th edn 1849)
		Guidebook, Concise Description of the English Lakes, later A Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirky Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823 onwards.
		Engraving, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, drawn by T Binns, engraved by O Jewitt, on p.71 of A Descriptive Guide of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, 8th edition, 1849.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1849
	period:-	19th century, early; 1840s
	descriptive text:-	Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834)
		Guidebook, Concise Description of the English Lakes, later A Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirky Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823 onwards.
		goto source.
		Page 84:-
		Calder Abbey lies about four miles south of Egremont. It was founded by the second Ranulph de Meschines, about seven years after that at Furness - on which it was dependent - and on a much smaller scale. Some of the walls, with the arches which supported the tower, and a part of the colonade, are still in good preservation.
		...
		goto source.
		Page 132:-
		... Calder Bridge, ... Three quarters of a mile above the bridge, lie the remains of Calder Abbey, mentioned at p.84 to which it is a pleasant walk. The path leads over a rich, cultivated plot of ground by the side of the river Calder - its banks finely covered with wood. The approach to the Abbey is through a close avenue, terminated by an archway, appertaining to a part of the building now converted to farming purposes, on emerging from which the venerable ruin appears to view. ...
	person:-	: Meschines, Ranulph de
	date:-	1823
	period:-	19th century, early; 1820s
	old print:-	Fielding and Walton 1821 (plate 30)
		Set of prints, Picturesque Tour of the English Lakes, illustrated with hand coloured aquatints by Theodore Henry Fielding and John Walton, published by R Ackermann, 101 Strand, London, 1821.
		Print, coloured aquatint, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, drawn by Theodore H A Fielding, published by R Ackermann, 101 Strand, London, 1821.
		Tipped in opposite p.200 in A Picturesque Tour of the English Lakes.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1821
	period:-	19th century, early
	road book:-	Cary 1798 (2nd edn 1802)
		Road book, Cary's New Itinerary, by John Cary, published by G and J Cary, 86 St James's Street, London, 1798-1828.
		page 319-320
		Between Ravenglass and Egremont, near Calder Bridge, are ... and Calder Abbey, Joseph Senhouse, Esq.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	person:-	: Senhouse, Joseph
	date:-	1802
	period:-	19th century, early; 1800s
	old text:-	Camden 1789 (Gough Additions)
		Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
		Page 181:-
		...
		In St. Bride's parish on the north side of the Calder stood Caldre abbey, founded for Cistercians by Ranulphus son of the first Ranulphus de Meschines 1134, valued at £.54 9s. or as Burn £.13. 10s. now the property of John Senhouse, esq.
		"Caldher abbay of whyte monkes yn Copeland, not very far from St. Beges and nere to Egremont castle."
	placename:-	Caldre Abbey
	other name:-	Caldher Abbay
	person:-	: Cistercian Order
	person:-	: Meschines, Ranulphus de
	person:-	: Senhouse, John
	date:-	1789
	period:-	18th century, late; 1780s
	old map:-	Morden 1695 (Cmd)
		Maps, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland, scale about 3 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695.
		goto source.
		Calder
		Circle, with a cross.
	placename:-	Calder
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1695
	period:-	17th century, late; 1690s
	old print:-
		Print, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, drawn and engraved by John Coney, 1815-29?
		Summertime; view of Calder Abbey from close proximity, deserted and overgrown.
		It is possible that this work belongs to the series of engravings of views of the cathedrals and abbey churches of England which Coney was commissioned to execute by Harding. They were to illustrate the new edition of Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum edited by Sir Henry Ellis. The series took him 14 years to complete.
		inscribed at bottom centre on print:-
		Drawn and Engraved by John Coney. Calder Abbey, Cumberland.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1815=1829
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by W Kinnebrook, 1842.
		In a scrapbook album.
	date:-	1842
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Sylvan 1847
		Print, engraving, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, published by John Johnstone, Paternoster Row, London, et al, 1847.
		On p.220 of Sylvan's Pictorial Guide to the English Lakes.
		printed at bottom:-
		CALDER ABBEY.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1847
	period:-	19th century, early
	map:-	see:- : 1954: Monastic Britain: Ordnance Survey
		monks
	person:-	: Cistercian Order
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		THE MONKS OVEN / / / ST BRIDGET BECKERMET / COPELAND / CUMBRIA / II[star] / 76361 / NY0520506468
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Large detached oven of uncertain date but associated with the monastery in whose precinct it is built. Constructed of ashlar and rubble; exterior stone largely robbed out leaving earth-covered mound with single, very low, semicircular- headed doorway to centre of south-west face. Interior is c.1.75 m high and c.3.95 m in diameter. The floor is constructed of tightly-packed stones; the wall is constructed of ashlar and is of 3 courses with the top course shaped to act as a springer for the shallow-domed roof which is constructed of small stones packed tightly together end on. The monks' oven forms part of an important group of monastic buildings and is positioned alongside a mill-leat.
	other name:-	Monks Oven
	district:-	Copeland
		listed building -- oven
	coordinates:-	NY05200646
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		HOUSE, INCORPORATING MONASTIC RUINS AND COURTYARD BUILDINGS ADJOINING TO EAST / / / ST BRIDGET BECKERMET / COPELAND / CUMBRIA / I / 76360 / NY0510406360
		courtesy of English Heritage
		House, incorporating south monastic range of abbey, and adjoining courtyard buildings. Main abbey ruins adjoin to north (listed separately). The Savignac Abbey was first established in 1135 as a daughter house of Furness. In 1137, following the start of work on permanent buildings, a raid by the Scots forced the monks to flee; on being refused admission to Furness, they moved eastwards and eventually founded Byland Abbey in Coxwold, Yorkshire. In 1137 Calder was re-established by Furness, becoming a Cistercian Abbey in 1147; the surviving ruins date from this second foundation but incorporate later alterations. Calder was suppressed in 1536 and granted by Henry VIII to one of his Commis- sioners, Dr Thomas Leigh, in 1538. A painting by Matthias Read in Abbot Hall Art Gallery, Kendal, shows the property c.1730 when it was purchased by John Tiffin; this painting shows the original form of the south range now incor- porated in the house. A new frontage to the west end of this range was added in the late C18 (a holograph plan dated 1785 and signed by John Carr of York in the Jackson Collection, Carlisle Public Library, shows an unexecuted design for the site. The document's cover is, however, endorsed "Mr Senhouse house at Calder Abbey near Whitehaven by me 1788" in the same hand); the riverside elevation was remodelled in the early C20. Constructed of stone (stuccoed to the west eleva- tion, ashlar and rustication to the riverside) with sill bands and eaves cornice. The hipped, graduated slate roofs have end and eaves corniced stone chimney stacks with tall, decorative pots. the symmetrical west elevation is 2 storeys with cellars and 7 bays overall. The ornate pedimented porch, with its double door and semicircular fanlight, was added in 1859; there are 2 windows to the cellar and 3 windows to each upper floor on either side with a Venetian window above. The upper windows are all 2-light with wooden mullions and transoms. This block is 2 bays deep. The riverside elevation is the same height but, except for the bay window, has an additional floor and is 10 bays overall (3:2:5). The rusticated cellar has Romanesque-style semicircular-headed openings; the full-height semicircular bay (an extension to the original refec- tory) has ornate Gothic-style panelling over the windows. The main windows are all 2-light with wooden mullions; some have transoms. The eastern bay has a splayed stone staircase up to a panelled door at first floor level. The single-storey courtyard buildings adjoining to the east are of similar construc- tion to the main building but present a Dutch gable to the riverside elevation. Interior: the visible remains of the monastic buildings are mainly to be found in the cellar, the rest of the house having been extensively remodelled, to a very high standard, in the Arts and Crafts style. Decorative woodwork includes panelling, ornate doorcases and overmantles, turned balusters and carved newels to the stairs and carved beams; decorative plaster cornices and friezes are to be found throughout. The early C20 cast iron fire-surrounds survive and the main stair has a large stained-glass rooflight with fleurs-de-lis and Tudor rose motifs. This house forms a major part of an important group of monastic buildings.
	district:-	Copeland
		listed building
	coordinates:-	NY05100636
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		RUINS OF THE MONASTIC CHURCH AND EAST RANGE / / / ST BRIDGET BECKERMET / COPELAND / CUMBRIA / I / 76359 / NY0509906396
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Ruins of the monastic church and east range. The south range is incorporated into the adjoining house which is listed separately. The Savignac Abbey was first established in 1135 as a daughter house of Furness. In 1137, following the start of permanent buildings, a raid by the Scots forced the monks to flee; on being refused admission to Furness, they moved eastwards and eventually founded Byland Abbey in Coxwold, Yorkshire. In 1137 Calder was re-established by monks from Furness, becoming a Cistercian Abbey in 1147; the surviving ruins date mainly from the second foundation but incorporate later alterations. Calder was suppressed in 1536, since which date it has passed through the hands of a number of owners who have lived on the site. A painting by Matthias Read (Abbot Hall Art Gallery, Kendal) of c.1730 and an engraving by the Bucks of 1739 shows that the ruins of the monastic church and east range have changed little since the early C18. Constructed of ashlar, the cruciform church has a 5-bay nave, crossing tower, transept, and an aisleless chancel. The central semicircular-headed west doorway survives intact and dates from c.1170, compri- sing 3 orders of roll-moulding (the outer with cusped lobes superimposed) springing from waterleaf capitals; the lower courses of the south aisle doorway are visible. Only the north nave arcade remains and this is early C13 with pointed, chamfered arches carried on alternating octagonal and compound piers. The intact crossing tower, with its pointed arches, is a rare Cistercian survival which provides additional information as to the construction of the nave. Although the tower incorporates the remains of a large triforium to both nave arcades, no remains of clerestorey openings are visible and the steep pitch of the original roof (surviving on the tower) suggests that the nave roof swept down virtually uninterrupted from ridge to aisle eaves; in order to provide adequate illumination for the interior it appears likely that oculii, in gablets, were used to light the nave via the triforium and this is a most unusual form of construction. The intact southern transept arm has a western wall passage leading from the monks dormitory to the tower stair; the east wall has 2 pointed arches on a compound pier leading into the chapels with a blind triforium arcade above. The external nook shafts to the chapels' paired lancet windows have waterleaf capitals c.ll90. The early C13 north doorway survives intact in the northern arm. The chancel incorporates a sedilia with cusped decoration to the arch-heads; the chancel was lit by very tall windows in its side walls. The east range features 3 arches with decoratively moulded, shallow-pointed heads. The left-hand arch (the library cupboard) retains its central subdividing shaft; the middle arch led into the chapter house vestibule which was lit by a window in the third arch; a plain doorway to the right is the slype/parlour entrance. The six lancets above lit the monks dormitory. The eastern bay of the chapter house was lit by an ornate, wide, traceried window; it retains its vault, above which is a room with a fireplace. The Abbey is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
	district:-	Copeland
		listed building
	coordinates:-	NY05090639
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		GATEHOUSE TO CALDER ABBEY / / / ST BRIDGET BECKERMET / COPELAND / CUMBRIA / II[star] / 76358 / NY0496006396
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Gatehouse to Calder Abbey, used as a garage at time of survey (April 1984). Probably C14 with later alterations including conversion to agricultural use in Cl7 or C18. Stone blocks with quoins. Graduated slate roof (of reduced pitch?) renewed in 1970s. 2 storeys, 2 bays. Wide, pointed wagon arch in each gable end of 2 chamfered orders. Chamfered imposts and plinths to eastern arch, western arch blocked with door inserted. 3 small splayed windows, now blocked, to ground floor left in north wall with inserted loft door to right; 2-light Cl7 unglazed mullioned window to 1st floor on each wall, all probably re-used. Stone copings and kneelers to roof. Interior: floor removed during renovation; single king post roof truss. Byre range adjoining to north not of interest. The gatehouse forms a major part of an important group of monastic buildings.
	district:-	Copeland
		listed building
	coordinates:-	NY04960639
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	old print:-	Philip/Wilson 1890s
		CALDER ABBEY.
	date:-	1895
	period:-	19th century, late; 1890s
	old print:-	Linton 1852
		Guide book, A Handbook of the Whitehaven and Furness Railway, guide to the Lake District etc, by John Linton, published by Whittaker and Co, London, etc, 1852.
		Print, engraving, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, drawn by R Shepherd, engraved by W H Lizars, Edinburgh, published by Whittaker and Co, London, and by R Gibson and Son and by Callander and Dixon, Whitehaven, Cumberland, 1852.
		Tipped in opposite p.47 of A Handbook of the Whitehaven and Furness Railway, by John Linton.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		R. Shepherd delt. / W. H. Lizars sc. / CALDER ABBEY
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1852
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Rose 1832-35 (vol.3 no.51)
		Engravings - Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated; from drawings by Thomas Allom, George Pickering, and H Gastineau, described by Thomas Rose, published by H Fisher, R Fisher, and P Jackson, Newgate Street, London, 1832-35.
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Calder Abbey, Cumberland, drawn by G Pickering, engraved by W Taylor, published by Fisher, Son and Co, London, 1832-35.
		vol.3 pl.51 in the set of prints, Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		G. Pickering. / W. Taylor. / CALDER ABBEY, CUMBERLAND.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1832=1835
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Jollie 1811
		Guide book, Jollie's Cumberland Guide and Directory, published by Francis Jollie and Sons, Carlisle, Cumberland, 1811.
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, published by Francis Jollie and Sons, Carlisle, Cumberland, 1811.
		On part 2 p.35 of Jollie's Cumberland Guide and Directory.
	date:-	1811
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Green 1819
		Guide book, 2 volumes, The Tourist's New Guide, by William Green, Ambleside, published by R Lough and Co, Chronicle Office, Finkle Street, Kendal, and others, 1819 and 1820.
		Print, soft ground etching, Calder Abbey, St Bridget Beckermet, Cumberland, by William Green, 1820, published by R Lough and Co, Chronicle Office, Finkle Street, Kendal, and others, 1820.
		Tipped in opposite vol.2 p.256 of The Tourist's New Guide, by William Green.
		printed at bottom right, centre:-
		Vol.2, page 256, line 31. / CALDER ABBEY. / Published at Ambleside, by Wm. Green, 1820.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1820
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Buck 1739/1837 (edn 1877)
		Set of prints, engravings, The Castles, Abbeys, and Priories of the County of Cumberland, by Samuel and Nathaniel Buck, 1739, reprinted by Hudson Scott and Sons, Carlisle, Cumberland, 1837 and 1877.
		Print, uncoloured engraving, The West View of Calder-Abby, in the County of Cumberland, drawn and engraved by Samuel and Nathaniel Buck, 1739, reprinted by Hudson Scott and Sons, Carlisle, Cumberland, 1877.
		With descriptive text of 1837.
		No.15 in The Castles, Abbeys, and Priories of the County of Cumberland, 1877.
		printed at top:-
		THE WEST VIEW OF CALDER-ABBY, IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND.
		printed at lower left:-
		To John Tiffin Esqr. Proprietor of this Abby. This Prospect is humbly Inscribed by his much obliged Servants Saml. & Nathl. Buck.
		printed at lower right:-
		This Abby of Cistercians was founded A.D. 1134. by Ranulph de Meschines II. Earl of Chester, & was endow'd by him, and several other Benefactors with divers Lands & Possessions, all which were confirm'd to the Abbot & Monks by K: Hen: II. An. Vall. L50: 9s: 3d. Dugle. L64: s: 9d. Speed. Saml. & Nathl. Buck delin: et sculp: according to Act of Parliament March 26. 1739.
	placename:-	Calder Abby
	person:-	: Tiffin, John
	person:-	: Meschines, Ranulph de
	date:-	1739
	period:-	18th century, early
	old print:-	Britton and Brayley 1802
		Book, with prints, The Beauties of England and Wales, by John Britton and Edward Wedlake Brayley published by Vernor and Hood, at al, London, 1802; published to 1847?
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Calder Abbey, Cumberland, drawn by Grose, engraved by Angus, published by Vernor and Hood, Poultry, London, 1800s.
		Included in the Beauties of England and Wales, by John Britton and Edward W Brayley.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Engraved by Angus from a Drawing by Grose / for the Beauties of England & Wales. / CALDER ABBEY, / Cumberland. / [ ]
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1800=1809
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Calder Abbey, Cumberland, drawn by Grose, engraved by Angus, published by vernor, Hood and Sharpe, Poultry, London, 1811.
		Included in the Beauties of England and Wales.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Engraved by Angus, from a Drawing by Grose / for the Beauties of England and Wales. / CALDER ABBEY, Cumberland. / London: Published by Vernor, Hood & Sharpe, Poultry, Jan. 1. 1811.
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1811
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, West View of Calder Abby, Cumberland, drawn and engraved by Samuel and Nathaniel Buck, published 1729.
		printed at top:-
		THE WEST VIEW OF CALDER-ABBY, IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND.
		printed at bottom:-
		2. / THIS Abby of Cistercians was founded A.D.1134 by Ranulph de Meschines II Earl of Chester and was / endow'd by Him & several other Benefactors with divers Lands & Possessions, all of which were confirm'd to the Abbot and / Monks by K. Hen: II. The present Proprietor is Mr. John Tiffin. - An: Val: L50: 9s: 3d. Dugdale L64: 3s: 9d Sped. / Saml. & Nathl. Buck Delin et Sculp Publish'd according to Act of Parliament March 26th. 1739.
	placename:-	Calder Abby
	person:-	: Tiffin, John
	date:-	1739
	period:-	18th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Caulder Abbey, Cumberland, engraved by Ravenhill, published by J Robson, Bond Street, London, 1790.
		printed at bottom right, centre:-
		Ravenhill, Sculpt. / Published by J. Robson, Bond Street, Aug. 1st. 1790. / CAULDER ABBEY, in CUMBERLAND.
	placename:-	Caulder Abbey
	date:-	1790
	period:-	18th century, late
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Calder Abbey, Cumberland, drawn by W Hare, engraved by J Storer, published by W Clarke, Bond Street, London, 1809?
		Included in the Antiquarian and Topographical Cabinet.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Engraved by J. Storer for the Antiquarian & Topographical Cabinet from a Drawing by W. Hare. / Calder Abbey, Cumberland. / [Published for the Proprietors by W. Clarke Bond Street, Jan 1. 1809]
	placename:-	Calder Abbey
	date:-	1809
	period:-	19th century, early
		photographs
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 4.4.2007
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 27.2.2008
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 27.2.2008
		photographs
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 27.2.2008
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 27.2.2008
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- 27.2.2008
		Calder Abbey -- St Bridget Beckermet -- Cumbria / -- Detail on house front. -- 27.2.2008
	notes	14th century gatehouse tower Perriam, D R & Robinson, J: 1998: Medieval Fortified Buildings of Cumbria: CWAAS:: ISBN 1 873124 23 6; illustrations
		fishing box, St Bridget Beckermet
	Old Cumbria Gazetteer - JandMN: 2013

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