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Whinfell Forest, Brougham
Whinfell Forest
site name:-   Whinfell Park
civil parish:-   Brougham (formerly Westmorland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   forest
locality type:-   wood
coordinates:-   NY57372715 (etc) 
1Km square:-   NY5727
10Km square:-   NY52
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Wmd 4 14) 
placename:-  Whinfell Forest
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
OS County Series (Wmd 4 15) 
evidence:-   old map:- Saxton 1579
placename:-  Whinfeld Forest
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576, published 1579-1645.
image
Sax9NY52.jpg
"Whinfeld forest"
Trees in the park. 
item:-  private collection : 2
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Whinfeld Forest
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland and the Ancient Citie Carlile Described, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by J Sudbury and George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP11NY53.jpg
"Whinfeld forest"
tree symbols; Westmorland 
item:-  private collection : 16
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Whinfeld Forest
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, The Countie Westmorland and Kendale the Cheif Towne, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP14NY52.jpg
"Whinfeld Forest"
circle of fence palings, trees 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.5
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   poem:- Drayton 1612/1622 text
placename:-  Winfield Forest
source data:-   Poem, Poly Olbion, by Michael Drayton, published by published by John Marriott, John Grismand and Thomas Dewe, and others? London, part 1 1612, part 2 1622.
image DRY6P163, button  goto source
page 163:-  "...
... as Westmerland shee [Eden] leaves,
Where Cumberland againe as kindly her receives.
Yet up her watry hands, to Winfield Forrest holds
In her rough wooddy armes, which amorously infolds
Cleere Eden comming by, with all her watry store,
In her dark shades, and seemes her parting to deplore."
evidence:-   old map:- Drayton 1612/1622
placename:-  Whinfeeld Forest
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberlande and Westmorlande, by Michael Drayton, probably engraved by William Hole, scale about 4 or 5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Mariott, John Grismand, and Thomas Dewe, London, 1622.
image
DRY511.jpg
"Whinfeeld for:"
Tree, huntress with a spear. 
item:-  JandMN : 168
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Jansson 1646
placename:-  Whinfeld Forest
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumbria and Westmoria, ie Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646.
image
JAN3NY52.jpg
"Whinfeld forest"
Group of tree symbols within a ring of fence palings. 
item:-  JandMN : 88
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   hearth tax returns:- Hearth Tax 1675
placename:-  Whinfield and woodside
source data:-   Records, hearth tax survey returns, Westmorland, 1674/75.
"Whinfield and woodside"
evidence:-   hearth tax returns:- Hearth Tax 1670
placename:-  Whinfeild Forrest
source data:-   Records, hearth tax returns, exchequer duplicates, Westmorland, 1670.
"Whinfeild Forrest"
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Whinfeld Forest
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695-1715.
image
MD12NY52.jpg
"Whinfeld Forest"
Trees in the park. 
item:-  JandMN : 90
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Whinfeild Forrest
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695.
image
MD10NY52.jpg
"Whinfeild Forrest"
Trees. 
item:-  JandMN : 24
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Simpson 1746
placename:-  Whinfield Forest
source data:-   Atlas, three volumes of maps and descriptive text published as 'The Agreeable Historian, or the Compleat English Traveller ...', by Samuel Simpson, 1746.
image SMP3P3, button  goto source
Page 1021:-  "..."
"... there are divers Forests in the Barony of Westmoreland, as Whinfield-Forest in the Peninsula between the Rivers Eimot and Eden; ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Simpson 1746 map (Wmd) 
placename:-  Wingfield Forrest
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, printed by R Walker, Fleet Lane, London, 1746.
image
SMP2NYL.jpg
"Wingfield For"
Tree symbols, just a couple. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.59
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Morgan 1759
placename:-  Whinfield Park
source data:-   MG02q054.txt
"Whinfield-park, is an extensive forest, the property of the Earl of Thanet. Here is a large track of ground, lately enclosed from the park, on which corn now grows. Nothing can give greater pleasure to the eye of the traveller, than to behold cultivation and industry stretching forth their paces over the heath and waste, the forest and the chase."
evidence:-   old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
placename:-  Wingfield Forest
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY42.jpg
"Wingfield Forest"
trees 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Jefferys 1770 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Whinfell Forest
source data:-   Map, 4 sheets, The County of Westmoreland, scale 1 inch to 1 mile, surveyed 1768, and engraved and published by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1770.
image
J5NY52NE.jpg
"WHINFELL FOREST"
area 
item:-  National Library of Scotland : EME.s.47
Image © National Library of Scotland
evidence:-   old map:- Cary 1789 (edn 1805) 
placename:-  Whinfell Forest
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Cary, London, 1789; edition 1805.
image
CY24NY52.jpg
"WHINFELL FOREST"
area 
item:-  JandMN : 129
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
item:-  oak
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G825A516, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1825 part 1 p.516  "Compendium of County History. - Westmorland."
"... WHINFELL, ... The forest was famous for its prodigious oaks, one of them nearly 300 years old. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G849B138, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1849 part 2 p.138  "..."
"... About the same period [1760s], also, the memorable Westmerland forest of Whinfell - the ground of so much legendary story, which had seen the huntings of a Baliol and a Clifford, and beheld the enamoured Clifford of a later generation, with a faithful and life-long love, devoting himself to that peerless mistress whose memory is preserved by the lone farmstead that occupies the site of his fair "Julian's Bower" - was stripped of its stately trees and consigned to its present unsheltered state. Where are the long green shady lanes, with their many windings and hawthorn-scented hedges, rich with wild roses and fragrant honeysuckle, tall hazels, and glistening hollies, and the creeping ivy, which, hanging from tree to tree in graceful wreaths, screened the passer-by from each rude blast? Where the moss-covered dwellings, with their picturesque porches, low mullioned windows, and buttressed chimneys of the stalwart and independent statesmen? ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Garnett 1850s-60s H
placename:-  Whinfell Forest
source data:-   Map of the English Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
image
GAR2NY52.jpg
"Whinfell Forest"
area 
item:-  JandMN : 82.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Lowther 1780s-90s
source data:-   Print, engraving, North West Prospect of Whinfield Forest, ie Whinfell Forest, Brougham, Cumbria, drawn by O Neale, engraved by Pranker, published by H Turpin, 104 St John Street, Smithfield, London, 1779.
image  click to enlarge
BNF08.jpg
The central object is the Three Brother Tree. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : Lowther.21
Image © see bottom of page
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