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Scottish Gate, Carlisle
Scottish Gate
Scotch Gate
Richard Gate
site name:-   City Walls
locality:-   Carlisle
civil parish:-   Carlisle (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   town gate
locality type:-   prison (debtor's) 
10Km square:-   NY45 (??) 
1Km square:-   NY4050
10Km square:-   NY45
references:-   Fiennes 1698
evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675 (plate 62) 
placename:-  Scotch Gate
source data:-   Raod strip map, uncoloured engraving, the Road from Carlisle to Barwick, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
image
OG62m000.jpg
In mile 0, Cumberland.  "Scotch gate"
on the north of Carlisle. 
item:-  JandMN : 83
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675 (plate 86) 
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, the Road from Tinmouth ... to Carlisle, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
image
OG86m065.jpg
In mile 69, Cumberland. 
Town gate on the further side (north) of Carlisle. 
item:-  JandMN : 73
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675 (plate 38) 
source data:-   Road strip map, hand coloured engraving, continuation of the Road from London to Carlisle, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
image
OG38m297.jpg
In mile 301, Cumberland. 
Gate on the town walls. 
item:-  JandMN : 21
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Fiennes 1698
source data:-   Travel book, manuscript record of Journeys through England including parts of the Lake District, by Celia Fiennes, 1698.
"... there are 3 gates to the town [Carlisle] ...the other the Scottish gate through which I went into Scotland; ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Ogilby 1699 (edn 1712) 
placename:-  Rickard Gate
placename:-  Scotch Gate
source data:-   Road book, itineraries and map, The Traveller's Guide, by John Ogilby, published by Abel Swall, Tim Child, White Hart, and R Knaplock, the Angel and Crown, St Paul's Churchyard, London, 1699.
OGY7p072.txt
page 72  "... Carlile ... having 3 Gates, viz. the Caldo or Irish-Gate, Bother or English-Gate, and Rickard or Scotch-Gate."
evidence:-   old map:- Bowen 1720 (plate 161) 
placename:-  Scotch Gate
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, pl.161, part of The Road from Carlisle to Barwick, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, with sections in Cumberland, and Scotland, published by Emanuel Bowen, St Katherines, London, 1720.
image
B161m00.jpg
"Scotch Gate"
item:-  JandMN : 65.161
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
placename:-  Rickard Gate
placename:-  Scotch Gate
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G7450674, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1745 p.674  "..."
"It is at present a wealthy and populous place, the houses are well built, and city walled in, having three gates, viz. the Caldo or Irish gate on the S. West, the Bother or English gate on the South, and the Rickard or Scotch gate towards the North. ..."
"..."
"This observation is made by the reverend compiler of the Magna Britannia antiqua et nova, from whom the foregoing description is taken, except a correction of him with regard to the situation of the place, all our news papers following this writer (who might have informed himself better from honest Speed) having turned the city about and placed the English gate in the West and the Irish in the South."
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
placename:-  Shaddan Gate
item:-  rebellion, 1745; 1745 Rebellion
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G7460233, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1746 p.233  "... On Sunday [10.11.1745] they [rebels] invested the city on all sides, having passed Eden at several fords below. The marq. of Tullibardin was driven with his corps from Shaddan-gate by the four gun battery ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Smith 1752
placename:-  Scotch Gate
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, or manuscript? Map of the Soccage Lands at Carlisle, scale about 27 ins to 1 mile, by George Smith, 1752.
image  click to enlarge
M005P2.jpg
"Scotch gate ye City Prison"
item:-  Carlisle Library : Map 121
Image © Carlisle Library
evidence:-   old map:- Donald 1774 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Scots Gate
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, 3x2 sheets, The County of Cumberland, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by Thomas Donald, engraved and published by Joseph Hodskinson, 29 Arundel Street, Strand, London, 1774.
image
D44056A.jpg
"Scots Gate"
town gate 
item:-  Carlisle Library : Map 2
Image © Carlisle Library
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Scotch Gate
placename:-  North Gate
placename:-  Richard Gate
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P193, button  goto source
Page 193:-  "..."
""The City of Cairluell ... is walled with a right fair strong wall ... In the wall be three gates Bocher or S. Calden or W. and Richard or N. ..."
"... The city has three gates, the French, English, and Scotch; ..."
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Baker 1802
placename:-  
source data:-   Perspective road map with sections in Lancashire, Westmorland, and Cumberland, by J Baker, London 1802.
Page 27:-  "... [Carlisle] hath three entrances by gates, strongly fortified; that to the west is called the English gate, one to the south is called the Irish gate, and another nortward is called the Scotch gate. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
placename:-  Scotch Gate
placename:-  Carlisle City Gaol
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G8060102, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1806 p.102  "Mr. Nield's Remarks on Cumberland &c. Gaols."
"..."
"CARLISLE CITY GAOL. Over the Scotch gate, is only one ruinous room about 20 feet square, with a fireplace, and a window 4 feet by 11/2. No allowance. No court. No water. It was filled with lumber when I was there; no prisoners had been confined in it for 10 years. The prisoners from the city are kept in the County gaol by agreement between the Corporation and the keeper. No town debtor can now be imprisoned for less than 10l.; they seldom exceed 2 or 3 in a year, and those only for a short time."
evidence:-   old print:- Thurnam 1835
placename:-  Scotch Gate
source data:-   Print, uncoloured lithograph, The Scotch Gate, Carlisle, Cumberland, drawn by M E Nutter, lithographed by Giles, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, Cumberland, by Ackermann and Co, by Hodgson, Boys, and Graves, and by Charles Tilt, London, 1835.
image  click to enlarge
THM106.jpg
Printed by Graf and Soret. 
Included in Carlisle in the Olden Time. 
printed at bottom:-  "Drawn by M. E. Nutter from the Original Sketch. / Giles lith. / THE SCOTCH GATE. / Carlisle, Published by Charles Thurnam. / London. Ackermann & Co. - Hodgson, Boys, and Graves & Charles Tilt. / Printed by Graf &Soret."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.123.6
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Thurnam 1835
source data:-   Print, uncoloured lithograph, Carlisle from near Stanwix Bank, Cumberland, drawn by M E Nutter, lithographed by Giles, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, Cumberland, by Ackermann and Co, by Hodgson, Boys, and Graves, and by Charles Tilt, London, 1835.
image  click to enlarge
THM103.jpg
Printed by Graf and Soret. 
Included in Carlisle in the Olden Time. 
printed at bottom:-  "Drawn by M. E. Nutter from the original sketch. / Giles lithog. / CARLISLE FROM NEAR STANWIX BANK. / UPWARDS OF ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO. / Carlisle, Published by Charles Thurnam. / London. Ackermann & Co. - Hodgson, Boys, and Graves & Charles Tilt. / Printed by Graf &Soret."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.123.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old painting:- 
placename:-  Scotch Gate
source data:-   Painting, watercolour, The Scotch Gate, Carlisle, Cumberland, by Robert Carlyle snr, 1791.
image  click to enlarge
PR0916.jpg
The Scotch Gate stands in centre of composition, its studded doors thrown open, adjoined by other buildings to both left and right. In centre foreground a lone gentleman walks by; to his right stand two other gentlemen, conversing. Through the Gate a tall sandstone building is seen on the opposite side of the street beyond. 
One of a set of 11 original drawings for proposed aquatints The Antiquities of the City of Carlisle, 1791 
This is one of 17 of Carlyle's works copied by Matthew Ellis Nutter for Carlisle in the Olden Time. 
inscribed at bottom centre:-  "THE SCOTCH GATE, CARLISLE."
item:-  Tullie House Museum : 1935.80.10
Image © Tullie House Museum
evidence:-   old painting:- 
source data:-   Painting, watercolour, The Scotch Gate, Carlisle, Cumberland, by W Hetherington, 1880.
image  click to enlarge
PR1358.jpg
View of the Scotch Gate in the centre of the composition with buildings either side. A group of soldiers on horseback carrying flags proceed through the Scotsh Gate and bear to the right. 
Based on original watercolour by Robert Carlyle dated 1791. 
signed at bottom right:-  "W Hetherington 1880"
item:-  Tullie House Museum : 2004.1.21
Image © Tullie House Museum
evidence:-   old print:- 
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Prospect of the City of Carlisle, Cumberland, published late 18th century.
image  click to enlarge
PR0385.jpg
Included in The Modern Universal British Traveller. The city has town walls and gates. 
printed at top:-  "Engraved for The Modern Universal British Traveller"
printed at bottom:-  "Prospect of the CITY of CARLISLE, in Cumberland."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.385
Image © see bottom of page
hearsay:-  
 Once the debtor's gaol for Carlisle.
notes:-  
 gateway, demolished; debtor's prison in the tower above

Perriam, D R &Robinson, J: 1998: Medieval Fortified Buildings of Cumbria: CWAAS:: ISBN 1 873124 23 6; plan and illustration
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