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Liddel Strength, Kirkandrews
Liddel Strength
Liddel Mote
locality:-   Liddel
civil parish:-   Kirkandrews (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   earthwork
locality type:-   castle
locality type:-   motte and bailey
coordinates:-   NY40177416
1Km square:-   NY4074
10Km square:-   NY47
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Cmd 6 7) 
placename:-  Liddel Strength
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
"Liddel Strength (Remains of)"
evidence:-   old map:- Saxton 1579
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576, published 1579-1645.
image
Sax9NY37.jpg
Tower, symbol for a house, hall, tower, etc.  "The Mote"
item:-  private collection : 2
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Burghley 1590 (facsimile) 
placename:-  Mote, Ye
source data:-   Facsimile map, A Platt of the Opposete Border of Scotland to ye West Marches of England, parts of Cumberland and Scotland including the Debateable Land, from a manuscript drawn for William Cecil, Lord Burghley, about 1590, published by R B Armstrong, 1897.
courtesy of the National Library of Scotland
image
M048NY47.jpg
"ye mote"
circle, tower, cross 
item:-  National Library of Scotland : MS6113 f.267
Image © National Library of Scotland
evidence:-   old map:- Mercator 1595 (edn?) 
placename:-  Mothe, The
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Northumbria, Cumberlandia, et Dunelmensis Episcopatus, ie Northumberland, Cumberland and Durham etc, scale about 6.5 miles to 1 inch, by Gerard Mercator, Duisberg, Germany, about 1595.
image
MER8CumA.jpg
"The Mothe"
circle 
item:-  JandMN : 169
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- 
placename:-  Mote of Lyddell
source data:-   James VI of Scotland, later James I, wrote to Henry Leigh, the english deputy Warden, advising that he was undertaking a punitive expedition against his lawless subjects of the scottish West March, November 1597, and asking for a little coperation from England:-  "... we have resolved to passe forward uppon them with fyre and sword upon Tuesday next, to their extermination and wreike ... and intreat yow that yow wilbe in redynes with some sufficient force, to remaine at the Mote of Lyddell ... for hawlding them in that syde, ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Keer 1605
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, probably by Pieter van den Keere, or Peter Keer, about 1605 edition perhaps 1676.
image  click to enlarge
KER8.jpg
"The Mote"
dot, circle and tower; village 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.110
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland and the Ancient Citie Carlile Described, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by J Sudbury and George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP11NY37.jpg
"The Mote"
circle, tower 
item:-  private collection : 16
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   probably old map:- Jenner 1643
placename:-  Modre, Ye
source data:-   Tables of distances with a maps, Westmerland, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland, scale about 21 miles to 1 inch, published by Thomas Jenner, London, 1643; published 1643-80.
image
JEN4Sq.jpg
"y Modre"
circle 
evidence:-   old map:- Jansson 1646
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumbria and Westmoria, ie Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646.
image
JAN3NY37.jpg
"The Mote"
Buildings and tower. 
item:-  JandMN : 88
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675 (plate 62) 
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Raod strip map, uncoloured engraving, the Road from Carlisle to Barwick, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
image
OG62m010.jpg
In mile 10, Cumberland. 
Crossroads, left:-  "to the Mote"
right:-  "to Whitclose"
item:-  JandMN : 83
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695-1715.
image
MD12NY37.jpg
"The Mote"
Circle, building and tower. 
item:-  JandMN : 90
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   probably old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY47.jpg
"The Mote"
circle and line 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   probably old map:- Donald 1774 (Cmd) 
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, 3x2 sheets, The County of Cumberland, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by Thomas Donald, engraved and published by Joseph Hodskinson, 29 Arundel Street, Strand, London, 1774.
image
D4NY47SW.jpg
rectangular outline 
item:-  Carlisle Library : Map 2
Image © Carlisle Library
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789
placename:-  Liddel Castle
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P176, button  goto source
Page 176:-  "..."
"Where the river Lidd falls into the Esk was formerly, as I have been told, Liddel, a castle and barony of the Estotevilles, who "held lands in Cornage which earl Ranulph gave to Turgis Brundas," as we find in an antient inquisition; but from Estoteville it came by inheritance to the Wakes, and by them to the earls of Kent; but John earl of Kent, gave it to king Edward III. and king Richard II. to John of Gaunt duke of Lancaster. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Liddel's Strength
placename:-  Lithel
placename:-  Mote, The
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P197, button  goto source
Page 197:-  "..."
""Lithel was a moted place of a gentleman called Sir Walter Seleby, the which was killed there, and the place destroyed in king Edward III's time, when the Scotts went to Durham.""
"Liddel's Strength, or the Mote, a strong entrenchment, with a double ditch two miles south-west (sic) of Netherby, small, or rather circular, on a steep and lofty clay cliff above the river Liddel, commanding a vast extent of view, has at one end a very high mount, in the middle the foundation of a square building, perhaps the praetorium. It is defended by a sort of half moon, with a vast foss and dike. It was stormed by David II. king of Scotland. Sir Walter would have compounded for his ransom, but the Conqueror, after causing his two sons to be strangled before his face, ordered his head to be struck off."
evidence:-   perhaps old map:- Cooper 1808
placename:-  Moat
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 10.5 miles to 1 inch, drawn and engraved by Cooper, published by R Phillips, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, 1808.
image  click to enlarge
COP3.jpg
"Moat"
circle; village or hamlet 
item:-  JandMN : 86
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
placename:-  Liddel Castle
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G819A505, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1819 part 1 p.505 
From the Compendium of County History:-  "1346. Liddel castle taken by assault, its governor Sir Walter Selby beheaded, and Lanercost priory plundered, by David Bruce King of Scotland."
evidence:-   old print:- Curwen 1913
placename:-  Liddel Motte
source data:-   Print, halftone photograph, Liddel Motte from the inner bailey, Liddel Strength, Kirkandrews, Cumberland, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, 1913.
image  click to enlarge
CW0101.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.24 of The Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, by John F Curwen. 
item:-  Armitt Library : A782.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Curwen 1913
placename:-  Liddel Motte
source data:-   Print, halftone photograph, Liddel Motte detail, Liddel Strength, Kirkandrews, Cumberland, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, 1913.
image  click to enlarge
CW0104.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.28 of The Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, by John F Curwen. 
item:-  Armitt Library : A782.4
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Curwen 1913
placename:-  Liddel Motte
source data:-   Print, halftone photograph, Liddel Motte from the outer bailey, Liddel Strength, Kirkandrews, Cumberland, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, 1913.
image  click to enlarge
CW0102.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.25 of The Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, by John F Curwen. 
item:-  Armitt Library : A782.2
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   site plan:- Curwen 1913
placename:-  Liddel Motte
source data:-   Site plan, lithograph, Plan of Liddel Motte, Liddel Strength, Kirkandrews, Cumberland, scale about 1 to 1300, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, 1913.
image  click to enlarge
CW0103.jpg
On p.26 of The Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, by John F Curwen. 
printed at bottom:-  "PLAN OF LIDDEL MOTTE."
item:-  Armitt Library : A782.3
Image © see bottom of page
notes:-  
 The Mote on old maps seems more likely to be Liddel Strength than Highmoat or Lowmoat.
Beware: on some maps the Mote and Netherby are shown south of Longtown.
notes:-  
 earthworks, possible site of a tower; but also lists a tower or motte separately a little further south

Perriam, D R &Robinson, J: 1998: Medieval Fortified Buildings of Cumbria: CWAAS:: ISBN 1 873124 23 6; illustrations
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