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Dacre Bears 
   
Sproxton, July 30. 
  
Mr. URBAN, 
  
THE Editors of the History of Cumberland, rather to my  
surprize,have not favoured the publick with drawings of the  
four pillars in Dacre church-yard; I therefore send you  
sketches of them taken in the summer of 1795. (see Plate  
I. fig. 2, 3, 4, 5.) My own remarks nearly agree with  
the following description they give us: 
  
 
"In Dacre church-yard are four remarkable monuments, being  
the figures of bears, about five feet in height, sitting on  
their haunches, and clasping a rude pillar, or ragged staff, 
on which two of the figures rest their heads; the other two  
carry on their backs the figures of a lynx; one is in the  
attitude of attempting to rid himself of the animal on his  
shoulders, with his head twisted, and paw cast behind him.  
They are placed on a square, two to the East of the church,  
and two to the West." 
  
Afterwards follows a quotation from Bishop Nicolson, the  
same as copied by Burn in 1777. 
  
 
"That these look like some of the achievements of the  
honourable family that so long resided at the neighbouring  
castle, which has since been illustrated by a very worthy  
descendant of the family, on account of their claim to the  
hereditary forestership of Inglewood forest: and the more so 
as one sees these jagged branches over and over introduced  
in the chapel of Naworth castle, which is so rich with arms  
and cognizances; and where this jagged branch is, in some  
places, even thrown across the Dacre's arms  
fess-wise. Ranulph de Meschines, lord of Cumberland,  
granted this office of Forester to Robert D'Estrivers, lord  
of Burgh upon Sands, in fee; his arms were Argent,  
three bears Sable. The heiress D'Estrivers married  
Engain; the heiress of Engain married Morvil; the heiress of 
Morvil married Multon; and Dacre married the heiress of  
Multon, and by her had the same right as the others to the  
forestership of Inglewood; which was so honourable, and gave 
so great command, that there is no wonder the family should  
wish, by every means, to set forth their claim to it, and,  
amongst others, by cognizances taken in allusion thereto,  
especially as the Crown, about this time, seems to have  
interfered with them, in regard to this right. Surely  
nothing could be more naturally adapted to this idea than  
this Bear, which was the arms of their ancestor, the first  
grantee of office. The branch of a tree, which seems so very 
allusive to forests and woods, agrees with the same notion:  
and it is not improbable but this might be originally a  
badge used by Robert D'Estrivers himself, and that he chose  
the bears in his arms, because they were inhabitants of  
forests." 
  
The Editors remark, that in the old town-house walls at  
Penrith (burnt down, I think, in 1770) bears and ragged  
staves were represented. 
  
Dacre according to Burn, is noted for having given  
name to, or rather received its name from, the Barons of  
Dacre, who continued there for many ages. It is mentioned by 
Bede, as having a monastery there in his time; as also by  
Malmesbury, for being the place where Constantine, king of  
the Scots, and Eugenius, king of Cum- 
  
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