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Till within the last sixty years there was no communication
between any of these vales by carriage-roads; all bulky
articles were transported on pack-horses. Owing, however, to
the population not being concentrated in villages, but
scattered, the vallies themselves were intersected as now by
innumerable lanes and path-ways leading from house to house
and from field to field. These lanes, where they are fenced
by stone walls, are mostly bordered with ashes, hazels, wild
roses, and beds of tall fern, at their base; while the walls
themselves, if old, are overspread with mosses, small ferns,
wild strawberries, the geranium, and lichens: and, if the
wall happens to rest against a bank of earth, it is
sometimes almost wholly concealed by a rich facing of
stone-fern. It is a great advantage to a traveller or
resident, that these numerous lanes and paths, if he be a
zealous admirer of nature, will lead him on into all the
recesses of the country, so that the hidden treasures of its
landscapes may, by an ever-ready guide, be laid open to his
eyes.
Likewise to the smallness of the several properties is owing
the great number of bridges over the brooks and torrents,
and the daring
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