|
Gentleman's Magazine 1857 part 2 p.110
portioned to the fervour of his admiration, it is not merely
the inner being that is analyzed and set before us; not
merely their knowledge that is strictly measured, and their
understandiings and imaginations that are faithfully
appraised; and their moral natures, in the weakness and the
strength of each, that are weighed in the critic's scale;
but a crowd of interesting circumstances of their outer
life, graphic outlines of their habits and environments, and
social and domestic influences, are grouped about the main
design, giving to it a new value from the grace and the
appropriateness of these beautiful accessories. As an
instance of Mr. De Quincey's happy management of these
subordinate particulars, we give the reader, from the sketch
of Coleridge, a passage which describes - as a contrast to
the attics of the "Courier" office, which the philosopher
had not long left - his mode of life in Mr. Wordsworth's
home at Allan Bank, in which he was a guest:-
"Here, on the contrary," says our author, "he looked out
from his study windows upon the sublime hills of Seat
Sandal and Arthur's Chair, and upon pastoral
cottages at their feet; and all around he heard hourly the
murmurings of happy life, the sound of female voices, and
the innocent laughter of children. But apparently he was not
happy: opium, was it, or what was it, that poisoned all
natural pleasure at its sources? He burrowed continually
deeper into scholastic subtleties and metaphysical
abstractions; and, like that class described by Seneca, in
the luxurious Rome of his days, he lived chiefly by
candle-light. At two or four o'clock in the afternoon he
would make his first appearance. Through the silence of the
night, when all other lights had disappeared in the quiet
cottages of Grasmere, his lamp might be seen
invariably by the belated traveller, as he descended the
long steep from Dunmailraise; and at seven or eight o'clock
in the morning, when man was going forth to his labour, this
insulated son of reverie was retiring to bed."
In turning reluctantly away from these delightful sketches
of the two most distinguished men, as philosopher and poet,
which have adorned our present age, there is one striking
difference between them which we must allow our author to
point out. Coleridge, as the passage we have just quoted
might suggest, was an earnest and insatiable student of
books: he read everything that was worth reading; and,
during his temporary residence in the valley of Grasmere,
borrowed as many as five hundred volumes from the library of
his neighbour, Mr. De Quincey. Books, indeed, were to the
great philosopher necessities of life: but it was not so
with Wordsworth:-
"Very few books," we are told, "sufficed him; he was
careless habitually of all the current literature, or,
indeed, of any literature that could not be considered as
enshrining the very ideal, capital, and elementary grandeur
of the human intellect. In this extreme limitation of his
literary sensibilities, he was as much assisted by that
accident of his own intellectual condition - viz. extreme,
intense, unparalleled onesidedness
[einseitigkeit] - as by any peculiar sanity of
feeling. Thousands of books that have given rapturous
delight to millions of ingenuous minds, for Wordsworth were
absolutely a dead letter, closed and sealed from his
sensibilities and his powers of appreciation, not less than
colour from a blind man's eye. Even the few books which his
peculiar mind had made indispensable to him, were not in
such a sense indispensable as they would have been to a man
of more sedentary habits. He lived in the open air, and the
enormity of pleasure which both he and his sister drew from
the common appearances of nature, and their everlasting
variety - variety so infinite, that if no one leaf of a tree
or shrub ever exactly resembled another in all its filaments
and their arrangement, still less did any one day ever
repeat another in all its pleasurable elements. This
pleasure was to him in the stead of many libraries:-
'One impulse, from a vernal wood,
Could teach him more of man,
Of moral evil, and of good,
Than all the sages can.'
|