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start of Cumberland |
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Page 186:-
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Wulsty c.
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Wulsty Castle
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mitred abbey the abbot had summons to parliament in the
reigns of Edward I. and II. [g] The steeple fell down Jan.
1. 1600, and beat down great part of the chancel, which was
rebuilt 1603, and afterwards burnt down with the church
except the vaulted south aisle. The chancel was rebuilt by
the vicar Edward Mandeville, and the church repaired by the
parishioners [h]. The west porch was built by Robert
Chambers, abbot t. Henry VII. and VIII. his rebus being on
it, and his gravestone robbed of its brasses is shewn in the
ruined choir. Only the nave now remains [i]. The manor
belongs to the heir of Governor Stephenson. Within the
parish and lordship stood Wulstey castle, formerly as
it is said a very strong building moated round, and
according to tradition erected by the religious for the safe
keeping of their charters and records [k].
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Michael Scot
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Scot, Michael
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Michael Scot was a Durham man, who applied himself to the
abstruse Aristotelian philosophy, which he pretended to
translate from Avicenna, and dedicated to Frederic II.
emperor of Germany, whose astrologer he was. Some of his
philological and astrological works have been printed, and
Dempster says some remained in his time in Scotland, which
his countrymen would not dare to open for fear of the
devilish pranks that might be played by them [l].
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Old Carlisle. Pl.IX. fig.9.
Pl.X. fig.1.
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roman fort, Old Carlisle
Olenacum
roman inscription
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The Ala Augusta continued at Old Carlisle, as
we learn from inscriptions from A.D. 188 to A.D. 242. [m]
The Notitia at Olenacum seems to call it Ala
Herculea [n]. A military way has gone from the wall
southward from Old Carlisle to Elenborough [o]. The ruins of
the Roman town and station are very grand and conspicuous on
a large and visible military way leading directly to
Carlisle and the wall, and there is no other station on the
wall between it and Carlisle. There seems to have been a
double rampart round it. The river Wiza runs about
half a mile from the south and west side, and from the west
is a fine prospect to the sea [p]. The first of Mr.
Camden;'s inscriptions is now in the west wall of the garden
at Drumburgh. Mr. Gale in Phil. Trans. No.357, reads the
first word of the 5th line LING. N. quasi Lingonensis
for the name of the province or place whence Tiberius or
Justinus came [q]. Another found here belonging to the same
ala has been mentioned at Elenborough, and is
Horsley's lvii. The next may have been on a defaced altar in
the hayloft at Drumburgh [r]. The third [s] was brought away
by sir Robert Cotton to Connington, and is now at Trinity
college Cambridge [t]. The letters rude and uneven. The Ala
is here called Gordiana, the date A.D. 242, under the
reign of Gordian III. [v] The altars at Wigton are probably
gone. The milliary was in Horsley's time at Naworth castle
[x], now at Rookby. The other two are now lost [y], but the
second of them may be a dedication to Ocean, as Ward,
or to Mars, and Mercury, and the next two may be effaced
from two altars now at Drumburgh [z]. The other articles
mentioned by Mr. Camden I take to be Lares.
Another inscription on an altar by the ala Augusta
found here 1756 is copied from Gent. Mag. Sept. 1756, and is
to be thus read:
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Pl.X. fig.[ ]
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Jovi optimo maximo
pro salute
Imperatoris Lucii Septimi
Severi Augusti nostri
Equites alae
Augustae curante
Egnatio Vere-
cundo prae-
secto posuerunt.
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Pl.X. fig.[ ] Pl.XI. fig.[
]
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Two more inscriptions found here are copied from Gent. Mag.
May 1757. XXVII. p.220 [a].
Old Carlisle is in the parish of Westward [b].
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Wigton.
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Wigton
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At Wigton, a market town, is an hospital founded 1725
by John Thomlinson, M.A. rector of Rothbury, c.
Northumberland, for six poor widows of clergymen of the
diocese of Carlisle, or of that part of Cumberland which is
in the diocese of Chester, incorporated by the name of the
governess and sisters of the college of matrons, or hospital
of Christ, in Wigton, c. Cumberland, and endowed with
£.54. per annum. A school was also established
by the procurement of the said founder and his brother [c].
Here was antiently an hospital, or free chapel dedicated to
St. Leonard [d], to which Mr. Pegge is of opinion belongs a
seal found in Pickering castle, c. York, and given me 1785
by Mr. Simpson surveyor there. It is of wood, which
is an unusual material, not unlike a butter pat, and has the
representation of the deity with the crucifix, circumscribed
SEGILLVM WIGHTON. Dr. Burn says the parish church is a very
old building, which seems never to have been rebuilt since
the time of Odaard de Loriz its antient lord,who in the
Chronicon Cumbriae is said to have built it [e].
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BLATUM BULGIUM.
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Blatum Bulgium
Bowness-on-Solway
roman inscription
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Horsley takes BLATUM BULGIUM and Castra Exploratorum to have
been on the north of the wall [f], neither of them being
ranked in the Notitia among the stations ad lineam
valli, nor does the distance agree from Old Carlisle. He
therefore reads it with Dr. Gale agreeable to a MS. and
printed copy [g], Ab lato bulgio, i.e. ab lato
aestuario, Solway frith, and places it at
Middleby [h], or Burnswork in England: the one might
be the castra aestiva, the other the station[i]. At Bulness
he places the Tunnocelum of the Notitia, where the
cohors AElia classica, or of marines was stationed [k]. The
village now stands as the fort did on a rock or promontory
on the edge of the Solway frith. The remains of the wall are
considerable not far from hence on the east, but not at all
on the west. What Mr. Camden took for its foundations in the
water a mile beyond Boulness was rather a small fort [l].
There was at Appleby part of an inscription said to have
been found here:
IMP. M. AVRE
TRIVMPHAI
PERSAR.
under which Mr. Bainbridge added as a comment:
MARC AVREL
PHILO
BLATI BVLGII. [m]
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[g]
Burn, II. 176.
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[h]
Ib. 179. ex reg. paroch.
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[i]
Ib. 181, 182.
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[k]
Ib. 183, 188.
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[l]
Tan. Bibl. Brit. 525.
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[m]
Horsl. 92, 93.
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[n]
Ib. 95.
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[o]
Ib. 110.
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[p]
Ib. 112.
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[q]
Horsl. 276. Cumb. lvi.
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[r]
Horsl. 279.
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[s]
Horlsl. lv. 276. Grut. MVI. 8.
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[t]
This is copied from Mr. Lamborne's plate of inscriptions at
Trinity college.
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[u]
Horsl. 276.
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[x]
Ib. 277. lviii.
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[y]
Ib. 278.
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[z]
Ib. 277, 278.
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[a]
They were incorrectly engraved there, vol.XXV. p.360.
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[b]
Burn, II. 144. 147.
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[c]
Ib. 195. 197.
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[d]
MS. valor abp. Sancroft. Willis, Mit. Ab. II. 56. Tan. Not.
Mon. 78.
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[e]
Burn, II. 191.
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[f]
Horsl. 67.
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[g]
Ib. 34.
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[h]
Ib. 114. Bwlch, a passage, Bulch Gvortigern.
Hist. of Alchester, 698. Bulge (Cumbric) an
inscription scil. of the sea. Gale MS. [2].
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[i]
P. 409.
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[k]
P. 92. 103. 109.
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[l]
P. 157-8.
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[m]
P. 267.
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Here
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gazetteer links
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-- "College of Matrons" -- (almshouses, Wigton)
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-- "St Leonard's Chapel (?)" -- St Leonard's
Chapel
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-- "Holme Cultrayne Abbay" -- Holme Coultram Abbey
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-- Nelson Thomlinson School
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-- "Tunnocelum" -- Maia
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-- "Olenacum" -- (roman fort, Old Carlisle)
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-- St Mary's Church
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next page |
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