Gents Mag 1868 part 1 p.643

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	Gentleman's Magazine 1868 part 1 p.643 are each historical centres of the cloth, cotton, and woollen trades, round which new towns are yearly - we may almost say, daily - springing up. Witness the rise and progress of Saltaire, which contains a population of 3000, all dependent upon a single mill. Some of the most interesting points in English social life arise from the examination of our more scattered industrial pursuits, which from their nature are localised in some particular district, and give a peculiar stamp to those employed in them. The lead mines of Alston, the copper mines of Anglesea, the black country of South Stafford, the china clay of St. Austell, the glass-works of the Tyne, the tin mines of Botallack, the gold mines of Merionethshire, the slate quarries of Penrhyn or Llanberis, and the ironworks of South Wales, are each worthy of the close attention of the man of science, or the student of race and character. Of all these do the handbooks tell us, with a fulness that is wonderful, considering the mulitplicity of subjects with which they deal; nor do they omit the more limited, but equally interesting specialities, such as the china works of Worcester, the glove trade of Yeovil, or the marmalade manufacture of Dundee; we even read of the little town of Cumnock, in Ayrshire, which is devoted to snuff-boxes, and that of Knockcrogherty, in Roscommon, the fortune of which hangs on tobacco-pipes. To the thoughtful observer all these sights and sounds, modern as they are, have an additional interest when compared with the relics of former ages; and although the antiquary will naturally prefer to linger over the quiet spots where the latter sleep undisturbed, he will never shut out from his mind the comparison between the past and the present. Nor, indeed, taking our engineering works as an example, can we afford to sneer at the engineering knowledge or capacity of the old builders of Stonehenge, be they Celts, Druids, Danes, Antediluvians, or Belgae. We can only marvel at the transportation and arrangement of these wondrous monoliths, or at the skill with which so many of the rocking-stones that still exist were poised. The study of early remains has very much increased within the last few years, and many a tumulus and many a lake has been forced to reveal its secrets and give up its dead. The excavations of the Derbyshire barrows by the late Mr. Bateman, and more lately of the Yorkshire barrows by Canon Greenwell, have thrown much light on the ethnology and some of the customs of these early races. For variety of early antiquarian research there is no country like Ireland, with its elaborately sculptured tumulus of Newgrange; its Ogham stones; its forts, such as Dunaengus, in Arran, and Staigue, in Kerry; its innumerable raths; its primitive oratories, such as the Beehive Oratory of Gallerus; its crannoges, or lake dwellings; and its early towns, whether inhabited by Tuath Danaans, Fenians, or any other aborigines. Of later date than these are its numerous rude churches and its round towers, those never failing sources of discussion, all presenting a feastof antiquarian matter, the salient points of which are given us in the Irish Handbook; while Dr. Petrie and Sir William Wilde must be referred to for the minutiae of their subject. Scotland, also, has yielded of late years a profitable harvest to the explorer; and the burgh of Mousa, the Pict's houses, the stones of Stennis, the shell mounds of Wick, the sculptured rocks of Fife, - on which Sir James Simpson has lately made his mark - the
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