Crosthwaite 1783-94
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back to object record | |
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Excellent general notes on the map series are given in a
book of facsimile reproductions:-
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Crosthwaite, Peter & Rollinson, William (introduction): 1968: Series of Accurate Maps of the Principal Lakes of Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire: Graham, Frank (Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear):: facsimiles of each map and an introductory essay |
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Labelled features are not systematically identified with
today's places as this will be done in a separate exercise.
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title
map maker engraver |
Printed upper centre:-
An Accurate MAP of the beautiful Lake of ULLS-WATER, situate in CUMBERLAND and WESTMORLAND / P. CROSTHWAITE, Admiral at Keswick Regatta, Keeper of the Museum at Keswick, Guide, Pilot, Geographer and Hydrographer to TOURISTS, Surveyed Ulls-water in April 1783, & constructed this MAP accordingly. at the bottom:- London, Published as the Act directs, 10th. June 1783. Republished with additions as the Act directs. 1 Decr. 1788. Republished again with other additions May the 1st. 1794, and Sold by Peter Crosthwaite, the Author at his Museum, Keswick. Republished with further additions June 20 1809. and bottom right:- Engrav'd by H. Ashby. |
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| vignettes |
There are three vignette scenes, each with a
caption:-
Lyulph's Tower, the Duke of Norfolk's Two Pikes near the South End of Place Fell as seen from the highest part of Patterdale. A N.E. View of Dunmallet Edwd. Hasell's Esqr. having a Roman Encampment upon its Summit |
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descriptive text
poem |
Printed in the lower part of the map sheet are
verses:-
Quite round those crystal Lakes, luxuriant Nature smiles; / Here's Beauty, Grandeur, and Magnificence in Piles! / Supremely great, Sublime, & the most pleasing Scenes, / Salute the Noble Traveler as he leaves the Plains. In those enchanting Lakes, the finest Fish are caught; / And from our Alpine heights, exquisite food is brought; / An Earthly Paradise, a feast for every Sense / This Northern Tour and health at small expence! Henceforth let British Youths their native Isle explore, / Before they visit France, or from their Canaan Tour; / A Patriotic Plan, more so they scarce will find, / 'Twill make them like the Sage of old, & bless their native Land. |
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orientation
compass rose up is SE |
Printed in the middle of the lake is a minimal compass
rose; circle, lines for cardinal directions, North marked by
a spearhead, East marked by a cross. The map is printed with
South East at the top of the sheet, the other way round
might have been expected; the lake flows from right to left
across the sheet.
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scale line
scale |
Printed upper centre is a:-
Scale of One Mile. divided in furlongs. The map scale is about:- 1 to 22000 3 inches to 1 mile |
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| lat and long |
Printed upper left are:-
Lat. 54[d]. 31[m] N. Long. 3. 0 W. presumably for the centre of the lake. |
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rivers
bridges waterfalls |
The rivers that feed and drain the lake are drawn by
double line with form lines; unobtrusive single wiggly lines
are used for the minor streams entering the lake. Rivers
might be labelled, eg:-
Goldrill beck Grysedale beck Ara River On this river is labelled:- Ara Force or Cataract / 80 Feet Fall Bridges are marked where a road crosses and interrupts a stream, or by a double line, in the absence of the road. Some of the engraving shows the road and river intersecting rather than the road interrupting the stream; the bridge/road engraving looks like an afterthought so maybe this does not imply a ford. Bridges are not labelled. |
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lakes
islands depth soundings |
Ullswater is drawn in outline with form lines. Little
surrounding topography is shown, less than could be expected
to interest the visitor - mo mountains for instance.
Depth soundings are given:- The Figures upon the Water are Fathoms. the deepest part, alongside Place Fell, is 33 fathoms ie 198 feet. The current in the lake is indicated:- NB. The 5 arrows point down the Lake. Bays and peninsulas are clear, and some islands are drawn and labelled:- Cherry holm Wall holm House holm Notice a:- Boat House on the east shore near Pooley Bridge. |
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| relief |
Relief is not indicated, but notice the vignette view of
Place Fell and relief features labelled:-
Swarth Fell Hallin Fell PLACE FELL |
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| parks |
An outline shows the extent of:-
GOWBARROW PARKS the DUKE of NORFOLK's E. of Surrey, Hereditary Earl-Marshall, Premier D. &c &c. &c. |
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| county |
A dotted line down the middle of the lake is the county
boundary, easily mistaken for a line of current flow. It
runs from Pooley Bridge to about Glencoyne, where it turns
west to the shore and continues up Glencoyne Beck. The two
county names are labelled, at Glencoyne Bridge:-
Cumberland / Westmorland |
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| settlements |
A variety of places around the lake are noticed:-
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towns
villages hamlets |
circle, buildings and tower; labelled in italic lowercase
text, eg:-
Soulby Pooley, where there is an Inn Water millock / Jno. Robinson's Esqr. How Town A cross (x), labelled in italic lowercase text, is:- Patterdale church |
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| houses |
block; labelled in italic lowercase text, house name and
owner's name, eg:-
Gowbarrow Hall / the Duke of Norfolk's The Duke of Portland's Boat house Lyulph's Tower Although the block is missing, a label near Grisedale Beck is:- The Palace of the King of Patterdale |
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Other features are noticed, boat houses, old church,
parsonage, etc. And the distinction between settlement and
great house is blurred.
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| roads |
The road from the south, ie from Kirkstone Pass, along
the northerly shore to Pooley Bridge, is drawn by double
line, light bold. Labelled:-
Road from Penrith to Ambleside, 24 Miles viz. the lower end of the Lake is 5 Miles from Penrith in the N.E. & the upper end 11 Miles from Ambleside which bears South from it. The turning:- Road to Keswick is shown also. |
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| stations |
Stations, recommended viewpoints, are marked on the map
by a square symbol, labelled and described. 3 stations of
Thomas West and 3 more of Peter Crosthwaite.
Anticlockwise from Pooley Bridge:- |
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| station, Dunmallard Hill |
West no.1
Center of Dunmallet / West's first Station |
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| station, Lyulph's Tower |
Crosthwaite no.2
The Author's 2d. Station |
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at Lyulph's Tower.
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| station, Stybarrow Crag |
West no.2
Sty Barrow Crag / West's 2d. Station |
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| station, Cross How Crag |
Crosthwaite no.1
Cross How Crag / the Author's 1st. Station |
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| station, Patterdale Hotel |
West no.3
West's 3d. Station |
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Above the Inn at Patterdale.
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| station, Ridding Brow |
Crosthwaite no.3
Rudding brow / the Author's 3d. Station |
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Just outside the map border at the south.
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| miscellaneous | ||
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| inns |
In Patterdale a block is labelled:-
The Inn and at Pooley Bridge the placename label continues:- ... where there is an Inn |
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| wells |
A circle at the south end of the lake is labelled:-
St. Patrick's Well |
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antiquities
roman sites roman forts |
The vignette view of Dunmallet states:-
... having a Roman Encampment upon its Summit |
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