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MAP FEATURES
A significant addition to the original map of 1784, is relief shown by hill hachuring.

title
publisher
Printed left middle:-
snip from map image
A Map of the LAKES in CUMBERLAND WESTMORELAND and LANCASHIRE
Printed at bottom centre:-
Published June 1, 1811, by Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, Paternosterrow, London.

orientation
up is W
The map has no indicator of orientation; it is printed with West at the top of the sheet.

scale The map has no indicator of scale. The map scale is about:-
3.5 miles to 1 inch

sea area
sea plain
The sea area is plain, labelled:-
THE IRISH SEA

coast line
coast form lines
headlands
foreshore
snip from map image
The coast line is emphasized by form lines.
Some headlands are labelled, eg:-
Humphry Point
Hedbarrow Pt.
Foreshore sands and shallows are labelled, not marked, eg:-
Duddon Sands
Lancaster Sands

rivers
bridges
ferries
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Rivers are drawn by wiggly line, tapering upstream. Some rivers are labelled, eg:-
Kent River
Greeta R.
A waterfall might be noticed, for example:-
Waterfall
on the Kent above Levens Park, and another at Ambleside.
Bridges are implied where a road crosses and interrupts a stream. A bridge might be labelled, eg:-
snip from map image
Newby Bridge
Airey Bridge
Although not marked or labelled, the layout of roads halfway down Windermere suggests the ferry there.

lakes snip from map image
Lakes are drawn in outline, with form lines. Many are labelled:-
Angle Tarn
BASSENTHWAITE WATER
Blea Tarn [above Watendlath]
Blellum Tarn
Broad Water [Brother Water]
Burnmoor Tarn
BUTTERMERE
CROMMACK WATER
DERWENT WATER
DEVOCK WATER
Elter Water
ENNERDALE WATER
ESTHWAITE WATER
GRASMERE
HAWES WATER
Hayes Water
LEATHES WATER
Lever Water
Loughrigg Tarn
LOWES WATER
Over Water
Rydal Water
Skeggles Water
Sprinkling Tarn
THURSTON or CONISTON WATER
ULLS WATER
WAS WATER
Watendlath Tarn
WINDERMERE
[ ] Tarn [NW of Torver]
Other lakes or tarns might be recognized, eg:-
Bleaberry Tarn
Easedale Tarn
Kentmere Tarn
[above Easedale]
[decoy pond at Lowther]

relief
hill hachuring
Relief is indicated by hill hachuring. The engraving shows a concentration of hills where it should, but also obscures the engraving of placenames, especially hill names. Some hills are labelled, eg:-
snip from map image
HELVELLYN
SHAPFELLS
Underbarrow Scar
Grassmire Hill
Kidsey Pike
Some valleys are labelled, eg:-
Eskdale
St John's Vale

parks A few parks are drawn by a rounded outline with fence palings, the interior pecked. The label might be just:-
snip from map image
Park
or a name as:-
Gowbarrow Park
Or a great house might identify the park:-
Greystock Castle

county snip from map image
County boundaries are a fine dotted line, carried on alongside a feature which is the boundary. The county areas, remember this is not a county map, are labelled, eg:-
PART OF WESTMORELAND
And two regions in Lancashire are labelled,:-
HIGH FURNESS
LOW FURNESS

settlements
street plan
Settlements are marked by blocks or groups of blocks, which might make a minimal street plan, differentiated by style of labelling.
  towns group of blocks, perhaps on a street plan; labelled in upright block caps, eg:-
snip from map image
KENDAL
COCKERMOUTH
SHAP
  villages
  hamlets
  houses
block or blocks; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:-
snip from map image
Natland
Bootle
Witherslack
Dalmain
Notice the:-
snip from map image
New Village
marked by two semicircles of buildings at Lowther.
Both upright and italic lowercase are used for other map features.

roads
sands roads
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A network of roads is drawn by double line, solid or dotted possibly suggesting roads or tracks.
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The routes across the sands at Lancaster sands and Leven and Ulverston Sands are shown as definite roads.
The map originated in a guide book with planned itineraries, which might have influenced what roads were included.

miscellaneous

religious houses A religious house might be marked by a drawing of a building with towers with crosses as at:-
snip from map image
Funess Abbey
or by a block as at:-
Abbey [Shap]
Conishead Priory

castles A castle might be marked by a drawing of a building with two towers as at:-
snip from map image
Brougham Castle
Gleaston Castle

antiquities
roman sites
roman forts
A roman site might be marked by a block as at:-
Roman Camp [Hutton Moor]
Camp [Ambleside]

antiquities
earthworks
A circle marks:-
snip from map image
King Arthur's Round Table

pillars East of Penrith is labelled, but not marked:-
Ladys Pillar
ie the Countess Pillar.


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