Smith 1804
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| MAP FEATURES | ||
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title
publisher engraver |
Printed upper left:-
A NEW MAP of the COUNTY of WESTMORLAND Divided into Wards. / LONDON Printed for C. SMITH No.172 Strand. January 6th. 1804. Printed upper right below the compass rose:- Jones & Smith sculp. Pentonville. |
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orientation
compass rose up is N |
Printed upper right is a compass rose; no circle, star
points for cardinal and half cardinal directions, North
marked by a fleur de lys. The map is printed with North at
the top of the sheet.
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scale line
scale |
Printed lower right is a:-
Scale / Furlongs / Miles chequered and labelled in miles, with a left extension chequered and labelled in furlongs. The 8+1 miles = 97.9 mm gives a scale 1 to 147948 assuming a statute mile. The map scale is about:- 1 to 150000 2.5 miles to 1 inch |
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lat and long
lat and long scales |
Printed in the map borders are scale of latitude and
longitude for a rectangular projection; chequered in
minutes, labelled at 5 minute intervals. The bottom scale is
labelled:-
Longitude West from Greenwich But reading off the map, the longitude, Kendal = 2d 47.25m W suggesting a prime meridian east of Greenwich - this is just error? The map includes from 2d 2m to 3d 21m W, from 54d 11m to 54d 44m N; all of Westmorland. |
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coast line
coast form lines |
The engraving of the Kent Estuary has coast form
lines.
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rivers
bridges |
Rivers, if broad, are drawn by a double line with form or
stream lines, narrower by wiggly line tapering upstream.
Some rivers are labelled, eg:-
Ken River Eden R. Crowdundle Beck Above Ambleside is:- Waterfall which is Stockgill Force. Bridges are implied where a road crosses and interrupts a stream. Some are labelled, eg:- Hell Gill Bridge Bowland Bri High Borrow Bridge Low Borrow Bridge |
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| lakes |
Lakes are drawn in outline with form lines. Some are
labelled:-
ULLES WATER HAWES WATER Elter Water WINANDER MERE Grasmere Water Rydale W. Blea Tarn The Tarn [Kentmere] Skeggles Water Broader Water [Brothers Water] Hays Water The Weel Other smaller lakes or tarns might be recognised:-*INSET3 Easedale Tarn Stickle Tarn (?) Willow Wand Tarn (?) Whinfell Tarn Lowther decoy pond and others? |
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relief
hill hachuring |
Relief is indicated by hill hachuring. Some hills etc,
are labelled, eg:-
Underbarrow Scar HELVELIN Langdale Pikes and some valleys might be, eg:- Long Sleddale Borrowdale [eastern] |
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forests
trees |
Woodland is not generally noticed, by a forest might be
labelled, eg:-
MILBOURN FOREST STAINMOOR FOREST A lone tree is marked:- Harts Horn Tree north of the Penrith to Appleby road, near the River Eden. |
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| parks |
Parks are drawn in outline, the interior with trees and
bushes, tinted green. Some parks are labelled, eg:-
Killington Park Sizergh Park |
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| county |
County boundaries are a dashed line. Adjacent counties
are labelled, eg:-
CUMBERLAND |
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| wards |
Ward, comparable to hundred, boundaries are a dotted
line, tinted for each ward. The ward areas are labelled by
number keying to a table:-
REFERENCE to the WARDS. 1 ... West Ward 2 ... East Do. 3 ... Kendal 4 ... Lonsdale |
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settlements
distances from London street plan |
Settlements are marked by blocks differentiated by style
of labelling.
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| towns |
group of blocks on a street plan; labelled in upright
block caps, eg:-
KENDAL / by Manchester 260 / Settle 261 3/4 / Milnthorpe 262 /2 APPLEBY / by Brough 270 / Kendal 284 ORTON 274 3/4 The figures are distances from London, by different routes. |
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| villages |
blocks and perhaps a cross for a church; labelled in
upright lowercase text, eg:-
Shap Thrimby Crosthwaite |
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| hamlets |
blocks; labelled i italic lowercase text, eg:-
Brigg Steer Garnet Bridge This lettering is used for other map features. |
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roads
turnpike roads road distances |
A network of roads is drawn by double lines, graded in
two widths, solid or dotted lines for fenced and unfenced.
The wider roads have light bold lines, are tinted yellow,
and are turnpikes. Distances from town to town are given by
figures beside the road mile by mile.
Destinations of roads at the county boundary are given with distances, eg:- from Kendal to Ulverstone 20 Miles / c from Kendal to Lancaster 22 Miles / b from Ambleside to Keswick 16 1/4 Miles / a The letter by the turnpike roads serves to link it to its continuation on another county map, letters a,b,... for each adjacent county. |
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| miscellaneous | ||
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| stones |
The upright stones are labelled:-
3 Shire Stones |
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| monuments |
On or near Hugh Seat is drawing of a ?pillar
labelled:-
Ladys Pillar The better known:- Ladys Pillar near Penrith is labelled but not marked. |
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antiquities
earthworks |
A double circle is labelled:-
K Arthurs round table A circle on top of a ring of hachures for the hill is labelled:- Dunmore or Dunmallet A group of six blocks across the county boundary is:- Nine Standards |
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antiquities
roman sites roman forts |
With road going through it, near Rear Cross, is:-
Roman Camp |
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mines
coal mines |
In Stainmoor are:-
Coal Pits |
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