Old Cumbria Gazetteer

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	placename:-	Scale Force
	site name:-	Scale Beck
	parish	Loweswater parish, once in Cumberland
	county:-	Cumbria
		waterfall
	coordinates:-	NY150170
	10Km square:-	NY11
	1Km square	NY1517
		Scale Force -- Scale Beck -- Loweswater -- Cumbria / -- 16.4.2008
	old map:-	OS County Series (Cmd 69 5)
		County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
	placename:-	Scale Force
		waterfall
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late; 1890s
	old photograph:-	Bell 1880s-1940s
		Photograph, sepia, Scale Force, Loweswater, Cumberland, by Herbert Bell, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1890s.
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	source:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Page 84:-
		... he may leave the horse to bait at Buttermere while he takes a boat to see Scale Force, and returns.
		The meadow between the two lakes is not more than a mile in extent. The walk to the boat lies through its small patches of pasture and wooded knolls; and a
		Page 85:-
		pretty walk it is. The path is prolonged to Scale Force over the fields; but it is usually too swampy to be agreeable, when a boat can be had. A short row brings the stranger to the mouth of the stream from the force; and he has then to walk a mile among stones, and over grass, and past an old fold. The chasm between two walls of rock, which are feathered with bright waving shrubs, affords a fall of 160 feet,- high enough to convert the waters into spray before they reach the ground. It is one of the loftiest water-falls in the country; and some think it the most elegant. ...
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s
	source:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Page 180:-
		WATERFALLS.
		No. : Names and Situations of Falls. : Counties : Feet in Height.
		5 : Scale Force, S.W. Side of Crummock Lake : Cumberland : 160
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s
	old map:-	Garnett 1850s-60s H
		Map of the English Lakes, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
		Scale Force
		two lines across a stream, waterfall
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1850=1869
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s; 1860s
	old map:-	Ford 1839 map
		Map of the Lake District, published in A Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, 1839.
		Scale Force
	placename:-	Scale Force
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	descriptive text:-	Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843)
		Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, et al, 1839; published 1839-52.
		Page 89:-
		...
		Scale Force is often visited from Buttermere. From the inn there is a foot-path, but over very swampy ground; it is, therefore, better to take a
		Page 90:-
		boat and row down Crummock Lake about a mile; on landing, a rugged path brings you to it.
		This is the deepest fall, the water being hurled downwards in one clear leap of one hundred and fifty-six feet, next, in another forty-four feet. The chasm into which the waters sink, is from twelve to twenty feet in width, and is between two walls of sienite, beautifully covered with trees, which have fixed their roots in the interstices, whilst the sides are clad with a profusion of plants. The coolness and dampness are very great, and will soon warn the tourist from this stupendous scene.
		Page 169:-
		...
		... On the west side of Crummock is Scale Force, situated in a deep chasm, and the water-falls, at a single leap, 156 feet. (See page 89.)
		Page 179:-
		WATERFALLS.
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	descriptive text:-	Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834)
		Guidebook, Concise Description of the English Lakes, later A Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirky Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823 onwards.
		goto source.
		Page 23:-
		... There is a comfortable inn at Buttermere, between the two lakes, and another at Scale Hill on the foot of Crummock; at one of which places a boat is usually taken, as well for a survey of the scenery, as being the most convenient way of seeing the noted waterfall of Scale Force, on the opposite side of the lake.
		goto source.
		Page 43:-
		SCALE FORCE, near Buttermere, is the deepest in all the region of the lakes: it is said to fall at once one hundred and fifty-two feet, besides a smaller fall below. The water is precipitated into a tremendous chasm, between two mural rocks of sienite, beautifully overhung with trees which have fixed their roots in the crevices; the sides clad with a profusion of plants which glitter with the spray of the fall. Visiters (sic) generally enter from below, into this chasm, where the air, filled with moisture and shaded from the sun, feels cool and damp as in a cellar. Passing the lower, they may proceed towards the foot of the principal fall; till the more copious sprinkling of the spray compels them to retrace their steps.
		...
		goto source.
		Page 127:-
		At Buttermere, a boat is usually taken upon Crummock Lake, as well as for the views of the scenery as being the most convenient way of seeing Scale Force. It is an agreeable walk of half a mile to the water, and after a pleasant little voyage of nearly a mile, a walk of three quarters of a mile reaches to the fall. Travellers may indeed walk from the inn to Scale Force; but the path being wet and unpleasant, a boat is greatly to be preferred. ...
		goto source.
		At Scale Hill, a boat may be taken on Crummock Lake, from whence the mountains surrounding that and Buttermere, may be seen to great advantage. The party may be landed for a view of Scale Force, ...
		...
		goto source.
		Page 149:-
		A variety of granite with reddish felspar, and which from a deficiency of mica, has sometimes been
		goto source.
		Page 151:-
		called sienite, .... it becomes a finer grained sienite, in which form it extends through the mountains ... as far as Scale Force, and to the side of Buttermere Lake. It contains veins of red hematite and micaceous iron ore.
	date:-	1823
	period:-	19th century, early; 1820s
	old print:-	Fielding and Walton 1821 (plate 34)
		Set of prints, Picturesque Tour of the English Lakes, illustrated with hand coloured aquatints by Theodore Henry Fielding and John Walton, published by R Ackermann, 101 Strand, London, 1821.
		Print, coloured aquatint, Scale Force, Loweswater, Cumberland, drawn by Theodore H A Fielding, published by R Ackermann, 101 Strand, London, 1821.
		Tipped in opposite p.222 in A Picturesque Tour of the English Lakes.
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1821
	period:-	19th century, early
	source:-	Otley 1818
		New Map of the District of the Lakes, in Westmorland, Cumberland, and Lancashire, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Jonathan Otley, engraved by J and G Menzies, Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland, published by J Otley, Keswick, Cumberland now Cumbria, 1818; pblished 1818 to 1850s.
		goto source.
	placename:-	Scale Force
	old map:-	Crosthwaite 1783-94 (But/Cru/Low)
		Series of maps, An Accurate Map of the Matchless Lake of Derwent, of the Grand Lake of Windermere, of the Beautiful Lake of Ullswater, of Broadwater or Bassenthwaite Lake, of Coniston Lake, of Buttermere, Crummock and Loweswater Lakes, and Pocklington's Island, by Peter Crosthwaite, Kendal, Cumberland now Cumbria, 1783 to 1794.
		Scale Force
		Elsewhere on the map:-
		The water at Scale Force falls 152 feet within 6 Degrees of perpendicular, and the mean quantity of water to be meet with would perhaps pass thorough a hole at the lower end of a Hogshead one foot Square, before it would overflow the upper end.
	placename:-	Scale Force
		waterfall
	date:-	1783=1794
	period:-	18th century, late; 1780s; 1790s
	descriptive text:-	West 1778 (11th edn 1821) -- probably relevant
		Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
		goto source.
		Page 138:-
		...
		... Just in front [from Rannerdale Knotts], between Blea-crag and Mell-break, (two spiral hills) the hoarse resounding noise of a water-fall is heard across the lake, concealed within the bosom of the cliff, through which it has forced its way, and when viewed from the foot of the fall, is a most astonishing phaenomenon.
	date:-	1778
	period:-	18th century, late; 1770s
	old print:-	Black 1856
		Guide book, Black's Guide to the English Lakes, published by Adam and Charles Black, North Bridge, Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland, or Soho Square, London, 1856 to 1900s onwards.
		Print, lithograph, Outline Views, Buttermere - Mountains as seen from the Knots near the Hotel at Buttermere, and Mountains as seen at the Seat in Lanthwaite Wood, Scale Hill, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1900.
		... 12 Situation of Scale Force ...
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1900
	period:-	1900s
	old print:-	Rose 1832-35 (vol.1 no.60)
		Engravings - Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated; from drawings by Thomas Allom, George Pickering, and H Gastineau, described by Thomas Rose, published by H Fisher, R Fisher, and P Jackson, Newgate Street, London, 1832-35.
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Scale Force, Cumberland, drawn by Thomas Allom, engraved by J C Bentley, published by Fisher, Son and Co, London, 1833.
		vol.1 pl.60 in the set of prints, Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated. A party of tourists in viewing the fall.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		T. Allom. / J. C. Bentley. / SCALE FORCE, CUMBERLAND. / FISHER, SON & CO. LONDON, 1833.
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1833
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Farington 1816 (plate 28)
		Set of prints, 43 engravings, The Lakes of Lancashire, Westmorland, and Cumberland, drawings by Jospeph Farington, with text by Thomas Hartwell Horne, published by T Cadell, and W Davies, Strand, and by J M'Creery, Black Horse Court, Fleet Street, London, 1816.
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Buttermere and Crommock Water, Buttermere, Cumberland, drawn by Joseph Farington, engraved by F R Hay, published by T Cadell and W Davies, Strand, London, 1815.
		Plate 28 in The Lakes of Lancashire, Westmorland, and Cumberland.
		The accompanying text is by Thomas Hartwell Horne:-
		... one of these roaring cataracts appears in the back-ground of the present view. It is called Scale-force, and is two hundred feet perpendicular: the steep on both sides is covered with moss, fern, ash, and oak, which are all fed by the constant spray, and flourish in indescribable verdure. The delicacy of the effect is heightened by being in a narrow chasm, a hundred yards in the rock, before it rushes into the lower fall, from the point of which the best view is to be obtained.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Drawn by J. Farington. / Engraved by F. R. Hay. / Buttermere and Crommock Water. / London, Published Septr. 15, 1815, by T. Cadell & W. Davies, Strand.
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1815
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Gresham Publishing 1900s
		Book, Our Beautiful Homeland, volume including The English Lakes, by George Benson, A G Bradley, and R Murray Gilchrist, illustrated by Ernest W Haslehurst, published by The Gresham Publishing Co, 66 Chandos Street, London, 1900s?
		Print, colour halftone, Scale Force, Crummock Water, Cumberland, by Ernest W Haslehurst, published by The Gresham Publishing Co, 66 Chandos Street, London, 1900s?
		Tipped in opposite p.52 of The English Lakes section of a volume of Our Beautiful Homeland.
		printed at bottom:-
		SCALE FORCE, CRUMMOCK WATER
		printed at lower left:-
		E. W. HASLEHURST
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1900=1909
	period:-	1900s
	old print:-	Sylvan 1847
		Print, engraving, Scale Force, Loweswater, Cumberland, published by John Johnstone, Paternoster Row, London, et al, 1847.
		On p.207 of Sylvan's Pictorial Guide to the English Lakes.
		printed at lower left:-
		BM
		printed at bottom:-
		SCALE FORCE.
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1847
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured lithograph, Scale Force, the Innermost Recess, by Gordon Holme, early 20th century?
		printed at bottom left, right:-
		Scale Force, the innermost recess / GORDON HOLME
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1900=1939
	period:-	1900s
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Scale Force, Cumberland, drawn by Craig, engraved by Pye, 1800s?
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Craig delin. / Pye sculp / SCALE FORCE, CUMBERLAND.
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1800=1809
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, colour lithograph? Scale Force, Cumberland, published by John Walker and Co, Farringdon Street, London, late 19th century.
		printed at bottom left:-
		JOHN WALKER & CO. / LONDON. / FARRINGDON ST.
	date:-	1880=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Black 1841 (3rd edn 1846)
		Guide book, Black's Picturesque Guide to the English Lakes, published by Adam and Charles Blck, North Bridge, Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland, 1841 to 1888.
		Print, engraving, outline view, Mountains as seen from The Knots near the Victoria at Buttermere, and Mountains as seen at the Seat in Lanthwaite Wood, Scale Hill, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1846.
		... 12 Situation of Scale Force ...
	placename:-	Scale Force
	date:-	1844
	period:-	19th century, early
		photographs
		Scale Force -- Scale Beck -- Loweswater -- Cumbria / -- Higher part. -- 17.8.2011
		Scale Force -- Scale Beck -- Loweswater -- Cumbria / -- Lower part. -- 17.8.2011
	Old Cumbria Gazetteer - JandMN: 2013

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