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Over Burrow, Lancashire
Over Burrow
county:-   Lancashire
locality type:-   buildings
coordinates:-   SD615758
1Km square:-   SD6175
10Km square:-   SD67
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Lan 20 5) 
placename:-  Over Burrow
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
evidence:-   old map:- Saxton 1579
placename:-  Burros
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576, published 1579-1645.
image
Sax9SD67.jpg
Building, symbol for a hamlet, which may or may not have a nucleus.  "Burros"
item:-  private collection : 2
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- West 1778 (11th edn 1821) 
placename:-  Overborough
source data:-   Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
image WS21P242, button  goto source
Tour to the Caves in the West Riding of Yorkshire, late 18th century 
Page 242:-  "..."
"... arrived at Overborough, the seat of Thomas Fenwick, Esq. a modern house and one of the largest and most elegant in the county of Lancaster: being situated on a rising ground, though near the river Lune, its different fronts command all the delightful prospects which the vale affords. During our excursion through the gardens and pleasure grounds adjoining, we were presented with views of a different sort to any we had hitherto enjoyed: sometimes we were embowered with woods and lofty trees - nothing of the adjacent country to be seen, save here and there the blue peak of Ingleborough, or some neighbouring mountain; till we crossed a broad vista, which suddenly exhibited a new and unexpected scene of the winding vale beneath. A stranger, in going from the hall to the gardens, must be struck with a surprise bordering on terror, on viewing the profound and gloomy glen by the side of his way. The trees which guard this steep bank prevent the eye from seeing the river Leck, which flows through a chasm"
image WS21P243, button  goto source
Page 243:-  "amongst rocks at the bottom: imagination is left to conceive the cause of the deep and solemn murmurs beneath."
"Our ideas of the beauties of art and nature were mellowed and refined by those of venerable antiquity. We were now on classic ground, Overborough being most undoubtedly a Roman station and garrison ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789
placename:-  Over Burrow
placename:-  Bremetonacum
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P131, button  goto source
Page 131:-  "... Over Burrow, a mean country village, which the inhabitants told us was a great city, and occupied large fields between the Lac and Lone, and suffered all the miseries of famine before it surrendered, according to the tradition handed down to them from their forefathers. Certain it is that this place asserts its antiquity by various monuments of antient date, as stones with inscriptions, tesselated pavements, Roman coins, and this new name which points out to us a burgh. It must owe the recovery of the name to others not to me, though I have sought it with unwearied diligence; nor is the reader to expect that I should point out the name of every town in Britain mentioned by Ptolemy, Antoninus, the Notitia, and the classic authors. If, however, I might be allowed to conjecture, I should readily suppose it from the distance from Coccium or Riblechester to be BREMETONACUM, which Hieronymus Surita the Spaniard has justly in his notes on Antoninus distinguished from BREMENTURACUM."
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Borowe
placename:-  Bremetonacae
item:-  roman inscripion; inscription, roman; roman altar; altar, roman
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P140, button  goto source
Page 140:-  "... ... ..."
""Borowe, now a village set in Lunesdale, 6 miles beneath the foot of Dentdale, hath been by likelyhood some notable town. The plowmen find there in ering lapides quadratos, and many other strange things much spoken of by the inhabitants there." At Burrow is a handsome seat belonging to Thomas Fenwick, esq."
"All antiquaries agree in placing BREMETONACAE at Overboro'. A Roman road runs from Ribechester north over Long Ridge Fell, appearing green when the rest of the fell is heathy and morassy on both sides, and thence called the Green lane. At the north summit of the ridge it makes a right angle, and runs on to the north side of the hill toward the east, and, after some length, turns gradually to the north pointing towards Overboro'. It enters Yorkshire a little below Dowford bridge, and proceeds in a direct line on the north side of Newton and Slaitburn through Cross a Greet. It is very apparent on the north side of Tatham chapel and runs through Bentham towards Overboro', but the improved country short of the latter has eradicated its remains. By its side between Ribe and Overboro' are several tumuli of stones with urns, and in one were found two copper styles, and in another 200 denarii, mostly of Alexander, Severus, and Gordian. Gale derives Bremetonacae from Bre meinig tan, the hill of stone and fire, and on Ingleborough hill above are traces of a beacon tower. An altar was found here since Horsley's time, inscribed,"
"DEO SAN
GON TR
EBIV AT
TA POSV."
"which Mr. Rauthmell read,"
"Deo Sancto
Mogonti
Restituta bonae jam valetudini At
ta posuit votum."
"Mr. Pegge more truly Deo Sangon Trebius Atta posuit. On the other sides an axe and knife and a bird. Earthen paterae and vessels and Druid amulets have also been found here, and a coin of Vespasian COS VIII. whence its antiquary dates the foundation of the station to Agricola A.D. 79."
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Otley 1823 (8th edn 1849) 
placename:-  Overborough
placename:-  Overburrow
source data:-   Guide book, A Concise Description of the English Lakes, the mountains in their vicinity, and the roads by which they may be visited, with remarks on the mineralogy and geology of the district, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland now Cumbria, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirkby Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823; published 1823-49, latterly as the Descriptive Guide to the English Lakes.
image OT80P177, button  goto source
Page 177:-  "..."
"A mile onward [from Tunstall church] is OVERBOROUGH, or Burrow: its cottages overgrown with roses and woodbines; and the small garden plots in front, blooming with fragrant flowers, and verdant with laurels and rhododendrons."
evidence:-   probably old map:- Garnett 1850s-60s H
placename:-  Burrow
source data:-   Map of the English Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
image
GAR2SD67.jpg
"Burrow"
blocks, settlement 
item:-  JandMN : 82.1
Image © see bottom of page
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