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Hay Stacks, Buttermere
Hay Stacks
civil parish:-   Buttermere (formerly Cumberland)
civil parish:-   Ennerdale and Kinniside (formerly Cumberland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   hill
coordinates:-   NY194132
1Km square:-   NY1913
10Km square:-   NY11

photograph
BJQ15.jpg (taken 10.6.2005)  
photograph
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CCU67.jpg (taken 10.4.2015)  
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Cmd 69 15) 
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
evidence:-   old map:- Gents Mag 1751
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Map of the Black Lead Mines in Cumberland, and area, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, by George Smith, published in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1751.
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GM1305.jpg
"Hay stacks / Here eagles build"
knobbly hillocks; mountains 
item:-  JandMN : 114
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- West 1778 (11th edn 1821) 
placename:-  Hay Rick
source data:-   Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
image WS21P134, button  goto source
Page 134:-  "Descend the track on the left, and you soon have in sight the highest possible contrast in nature. Four spiral towering mountains, dark, dun, and gloomy at noon-day, rise immediately from the western extremity of the deep narrow dell, and hang over Buttermere. The more southern is, by the dalesmen, from its form, called Hay-rick; the more pyramidal High-crag; the third High-style; and the fourth, from its ferruginous colour, Red-pike. ..."
evidence:-   probably old text:- Green 1810
placename:-  High Pike
source data:-   Set of prints, soft ground etchings, Sixty Studies from Nature, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, drawn 1808-10, published 1810.
image GN14p068, button  goto source
page 68:-  "... The four conical topped mountains, High Pike, High Steel, High Crag, and Red Pike, are on the western side of the lake of Buttermere, ..."
evidence:-   possibly old text:- Green 1814
placename:-  High Pike
source data:-   Set of prints, soft ground etchings, Sixty Small Prints, with text, A Description of a Series of Sixty Small Prints, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1814.
image GN09p21, button  goto source
page 21:-  "... The four conical-topped mountains, High Pike, High Steel, High Crag, and Red Pike, are on the western side of the lake of Buttermere, ..."
evidence:-   outline view:- Otley 1823 (4th edn 1830) 
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Print, engraving, outline view, The Mountains of Crummock and Buttermere as seen on the Road between Scale-Hill and Loweswater, published by Jonathan Otley, Keswick, Cumberland et al, 1830.
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O75E07.jpg
p.125 in A Concise Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, 4th edition, 1830.  "The Mountains of Crummock and Buttermere: / as seen on the Road between Scale-Hill and Loweswater."
"Whiteside / Grasmoor / Witeless Pike / Robinson / Fleetworth / Rannerdale Knot / Hay Stacks and Gable / Cold Kell Wyke / Kirkfell / High Crag / High Stile / Red Pike / Melbreak / Hencomb"
item:-  Armitt Library : A1175.7
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Otley 1823 (8th edn 1849) 
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Engraving, outline view of mountains, Crummock and Buttermere from the Road near Loweswater Church, drawn by T Binns, engraved by O Jewitt, opposite p.18 of A Descriptive Guide of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, 8th edition, 1849.
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O80E10.jpg
item:-  Armitt Library : A1180.11
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evidence:-   outline view:- Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834) 
source data:-   Print, woodcut outline view, The Mountains of Crummock and Buttermere, by Jonathan Otley, Keswick, Cumberland, 1830.
image  click to enlarge
OT2E05.jpg
Printed on p.25 of A Concise Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, 5th edition, 1834.  "THE MOUNTAINS OF CRUMMOCK AND BUTTERMERE: as seen on the Road between Scale-Hill and Loweswater."
"Whiteside / Grasmoor / Witeless Pike / Robinson / Fleetworth Pike / Rannerdale Knot / Hay Stacks and Gable / Cold Keld Wyke / Kirkfell / High Crag / High Stile / Red Pike / Melbreak / Hencomb"
item:-  JandMN : 48.6
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834) 
source data:-   Guide book, A Concise Description of the English Lakes, the mountains in their vicinity, and the roads by which they may be visited, with remarks on the mineralogy and geology of the district, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland now Cumbria, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirkby Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823; published 1823-49, latterly as the Descriptive Guide to the English Lakes.
image OT01P126, button  goto source
Page 126:-  "... The crags on the left of Scarf-gap are, from their form, called Hay-stacks; ..."
evidence:-   old photograph:- Bell 1880s-1940s
item:-  tree; Scots pine; Pinus sylvestris
source data:-   Photograph, black and white, Buttermere lake and Haystacks, Buttermere, Cumberland, by Herbert Bell, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1890s.
image  click to enlarge
HB0424.jpg
stamped at reverse:-  "HERBERT BELL / Photographer / AMBLESIDE"
item:-  Armitt Library : ALPS78
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Rumney 1899
placename:-  Haystacks
source data:-   Print, halftone photograph, Haystacks, from Gatesgarth, Cumberland, published by George Philip and Son, 32 Fleet Street, London, and Liverpool, 1899.
image  click to enlarge
RUM118.jpg
On p.58 of the Cyclist's Guide to the English Lake District, by A W Rumney. 
printed at bottom:-  "By permission of "Cycling." / HAY STACKS, FROM GATESGARTH"
item:-  JandMN : 147.19
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Jenkinson 1875
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Print, lithograph, outline view, Panoramic Sketches from Helvellyn, Westmorland, by Edwin A Pettitt, London, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 1875.
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Jk01E1.jpg
"... Hay Stacks ..."
item:-  JandMN : 28.5
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Jenkinson 1875
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Print, lithograph, outline view, Panoramic Sketches from Scawfell Pike, Cumberland, by Edwin A Pettitt, London, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 1875.
image  click to enlarge
Jk01E3.jpg
"... Hay Stacks ..."
item:-  JandMN : 28.9
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Prior 1865
placename:-  Haystacks
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Buttermere, Honister Crag, Scarth Gap, and Haystacks, Cumberland, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Simpkin, Marshall and Co, London, 1865.
image  click to enlarge
PI0103.jpg
Included on page 16 of the guide book, Ascents and Passes in the Lake District of England, by Herman Prior. 
printed at bottom:-  "BUTTER-MERE, HONISTER CRAG, SCARTH GAP, AND HAYSTACKS."
item:-  JandMN : 235.5
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Black 1856 (23rd edn 1900) 
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Print, lithograph, Outline Views, Buttermere - Mountains as seen from the Knots near the Hotel at Buttermere, and Mountains as seen at the Seat in Lanthwaite Wood, Scale Hill, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1900.
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BC08E5.jpg
"... 6 Hay Stacks ..."
item:-  JandMN : 37.19
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Black 1841 (3rd edn 1846) 
placename:-  Hay Stacks
source data:-   Print, engraving, outline view, Mountains as seen from The Knots near the Victoria at Buttermere, and Mountains as seen at the Seat in Lanthwaite Wood, Scale Hill, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1846.
image  click to enlarge
BC02E7.jpg
"... 6 Hay Stacks ..."
item:-  JandMN : 32.11
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Tattersall 1836 (version 1869) 
placename:-  Haycocks, The
source data:-   Print, hand coloured, Buttermere Lake, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, 1836, engraved by W F Topham, published by T J Allman, 463 Oxford Street, London, 1869.
image  click to enlarge
TAT210.jpg
Included in The Lakes of England, by W F Topham. 
printed at bottom:-  "BUTTERMERE LAKE."
printed at bottom:-  "Buttermere Moss. / Honister Crag. / The Haycocks. / High Style. / Red Pike."
item:-  Armitt Library : A1067.10
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   outline view:- Tattersall 1836
placename:-  Haycocks, The
source data:-   Print, engraving, Buttermere Lake, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, engraved by W F Topham, published by Sherwood and Co, Paternoster Row, London, about 1836.
image  click to enlarge
TAT127.jpg
The print is captioned with mountain names and acts as an outline view. 
Tipped in opposite p.74 of The Lakes of England, by George Tattersall. 
printed at bottom:-  "BUTTERMERE LAKE."
printed at bottom left to right:-  "Buttermere Moss. / Honister Crag. / The Haycocks. / High Style. / Red Pike."
item:-  Armitt Library : A1204.28
Image © see bottom of page

photograph
 Click to enlarge
BMR50.jpg  Panorama from east summit of Grey Knotts,
Pillar, Hay Stacks, High Crag, High Stile, etc.
(taken 22.9.2006)  
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BNM88.jpg (taken 4.4.2007)  
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BNM81.jpg (taken 4.4.2007)  
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BWO41.jpg (taken 16.5.2012)  
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BWO42.jpg (taken 16.5.2012)  
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