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Gentleman's Magazine 1843 part 2 p.468
and which gives him an undisputed eminence over all his
competitors; we should allow, and gladly, the maigical
effects of his pencil in the most difficult and daring
compositions, - the skilfulness and success of his
combinations, - the extent of his resources, - the
astonishing brilliancy of his colouring, - his imaginative
powers, - his creative thought; and we should not deny that
in the power of seizing and describing some of the most
awfull and appalling scenes on which the human eye can gaze,
when nature herself seems gasping in the throes and
convulsions of elemental wrath, in the black and brooding
tempest, in the ocean maddened into fury, and the sky robed
with thunder, and threatening ruin and destruction; - in
such scenes the old masters must yield all attempt at
competition; but we also believe that these were effects
which they, for adequate reasons, considered it not
judicious to represent, and which they avoided, not because
they were unable to pourtray them, but because they
considered them unsuitable to their design, and unfitted to
the principles of their art. The mind is affected by the
impressions made on it, as the landscape is by the shadows
that pass across its bosom; if these impressions are too
powerfully drawn, they are liable, after a certain time, to
lose their attraction, and subsequently pass away in langour
and indifference. Permanent pleasure is derived from the
gentle impulse of soft and agreeable emotions rising without
effort, and succeeding each other without distraction. We
also should agree with the author of this work in his
assertion that in his acquaintance with the different forms
of nature, as the various strata of the earth and the shapes
which they assume, - the varieties of clouds, the
peculiarities of foliage, - Turner excelled the masters of
the Italian school - just as the poets of the present day
surpass the ancients in their descriptions of the individual
forms of natural objects. In this point the Seasons of
Thomson are far more graphic and exact than the Georgics of
Virgil, or the Eclogues of Theocritus; bit it was not
because the ancient poets had no eye to observe, or no power
to describe, but because they adopted and maintained certain
principles which did not admit this mere transcript of
natural imagery into their works of imagination. Nature, and
the forms of nature, when they appear in the descriptive
passages of the ancient poets, do not as seen in the
transparent mirror of absolute truth, which every minute
delineation that can realize the object; but as reflected
back from the hearrt of man, accompanied and modified and
changed by the associations and images lent to them from the
mind, and which give them an impressive power and interest
that is not their own. All art, whether poetical or
pictorial, becomes more and more descriptive as it
advances. Such is the fact; but the causes of this change
and movement, though not difficult to investigate, lie
beyond our present scope and purpose; and we must therefore
hasten to conclude, by saying, that comparing the ancient
masters to Turner, as the great leader and example of the
moderns, the object they have respectively in view does not
appear the same; the latter manifesting their great
acquirements in their art, and their pictorial powers, by
producing the most forcible impressions on the mind from
different aspects of nature, and comprehending everything,
from the greatest to the minutest object, that can lend them
assistance; and thus, as it were, filling the mind of the
spectator with great impressions, that he has
passively to receive. The ancient painters appear to
us rather to endeavour to act on the mind by calling out its
own activity; by suggesting some leading ideas to be pursued
by it into minuter investigations; by awakening associations
connected with general forms and objects; by
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