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Page 177:-
Wall, repair'd the Church, and annexed a College of Canons, or
Prebends, to it.
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Danes
Norwegians
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But in the 8th and 9th Centuries, the whole County
was again ruined by the repeated Incursions of the Danes
and Norwegians, this City being laid quite desolate, and
all the Citizens barbarously destroy'd, some few Ecclesiasticks
and chief Inhabitants excepted, and in this miserable State it
continu'd 200 Years, 'till the Time of the Norman
Conquests, which better'd not its Condition, for William,
the Conqueror, took no farther Notice of it, than by Writ to
subject it, and the rest of the County, to the See of
Durham: but William Rufus, his Son, returning Home
from the Scotch Wars, after he had settled a Peace with
that Nation, made a Visit to Carlisle, and being pleas'd
with the Situation, he repair'd it, both as to the Fortifications
and Houses, and placed here a Colony first of Flemings,
and afterwards of English Husbandmen from the more
Southern Provinces, for the Improvement of the Lands, which had
then lain so long uncultivated.
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Carlisle
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Carlisle being thus in some Measure restor'd, King
Henry I. considering how good a Barrier it might be made
against the Scots, caused it to be well fortify'd, plac'd
a Garrison in it, dignify'd it with an Episcopal See, and
bestow'd upon it many other Privileges and Emoluments, which
might make it strong and populous, which his Successors, even
down so low as Queen Elizabeth, very much augmented. It
was indeed often besieg'd by the Scots, and twice taken,
viz. in King Stephen's and King John's
Reigns; but was recover'd gain by their successors King
Henry II. and III. and tho' it was burnt by Misfortune in
the reign of Richard II. and near 1500 Houses destroy'd,
with the Cathedral and Suburbs, yet by the Munificence of the
succeeding Kings, it was again restor'd, and much improved in
Strength and Beauty.
It is, at present, a wealthy and populous Place, the Houses are
well built, the City walled in, having three Gates, viz.
the Caldo, or Irish Gate, on the S. the
Bother, or English Gate, on the W. and the
Richard, or Scotch Gate, towards the N. It trades
chiefly in Fustian, has a considerable Market on
Saturdays, and three Fairs
annually
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gazetteer links
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-- "Carlisle" -- Carlisle
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