button to main menu  Martineau's Complete Guide to the English Lakes, 1855

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Page 111:-
chapel at Ulpha has drawn away some; and the taste for Sunday diversion, which has found its way over the hills from Coniston, estranges more; and the descendant and successor of the good pastor says that "the old stocks are gone, and the new families are different." Thus is the large world's experience reflected in this little vale!
  Birker Fell
  radiating valleys

The finest part of the Duddon scenery is just here; and it is a charming walk by the stepping-stones, celebrated by Wordsworth, and up and over the moor, to descend upon Eskdale. The travelling party sees nearly the same view, as far as the mountain is concerned, by crossing at Ulpha Kirk, and getting upon the moor that way. As soon as the enclosures are past, up springs the lark, and freely run the rills, and keen is the air; and ghostlike are the mountains that appear by degrees above the high foreground of the moor. It is a rare pleasure in the lake district to meet with the lark. It is only on a very wide expanse of moorland that it can happen; for in the valleys the birds of prey allow no songsters. The eagles are gone (or nearly), and few ravens are left among the crags: but there are hawks domineering in every vale; so that those who would hear the lark must go out to such places as Birker Moor.- The mountain group in front is that which has been remarked upon before as the centre of the region;- the lofty nucleus whence the vales diverge (as Wordsworth observed after Green) "like the spokes of a wheel." Scawfell is the highest; and the whole line, from that peak to Hardknot, is very fine in all lights. The dark basin
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button -- "Birker Moor" -- Birker Fell
button -- Holy Trinity Church
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